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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdam | om soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdat | ot soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdeš | ok/ogeš soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑na | ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑da | oda/ogə̑da soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑t | ogə̑t soŋgə̑raŋd |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑m | šə̑m soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑č́ | šə̑č́ soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋde | ə̑š soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdna | ə̑šna soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdda | ə̑šda soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑č́ | ə̑št soŋgə̑raŋd |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nam | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nat | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nna | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nda | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nə̑t | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdam ə̑l'e | om soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdat ə̑l'e | ot soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdam ulmaš | om soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdat ulmaš | ot soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nam ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nat ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nna ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nda ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nam ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nat ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nna ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nda ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nə̑t ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋd | it soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdše | ə̑nže soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 1PL: | (soŋgə̑raŋdə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋd) |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdsa | ida soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št soŋgə̑raŋd |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdnem | ə̑nem soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdnet | ə̑net soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdneže | ə̑než soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdnena | ə̑nena soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdneda | ə̑neda soŋgə̑raŋd |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdnešt | ə̑nešt soŋgə̑raŋd |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt soŋgə̑raŋd ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdnet ulmaš | ə̑net soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdneže ulmaš | ə̑než soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdneda ulmaš | ə̑neda soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt soŋgə̑raŋd ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | soŋgə̑raŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | soŋgə̑raŋdman |
| Active participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdše |
| Passive participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdšaš |
| Negative participle: | soŋgə̑raŋddə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | soŋgə̑raŋdde |
| Gerund of prior action: | soŋgə̑raŋdmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | soŋgə̑raŋdmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | soŋgə̑raŋdšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | soŋgə̑raŋdmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | soŋgə̑raŋddə̑maš |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||