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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltaram | om surgaltar |
| 2SG: | surgaltarat | ot surgaltar |
| 3SG: | surgaltareš | ok/ogeš surgaltar |
| 1PL: | surgaltarə̑na | ona/ogə̑na surgaltar |
| 2PL: | surgaltarə̑da | oda/ogə̑da surgaltar |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑t | ogə̑t surgaltar |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltarə̑m | šə̑m surgaltar |
| 2SG: | surgaltarə̑č́ | šə̑č́ surgaltar |
| 3SG: | surgaltare | ə̑š surgaltar |
| 1PL: | surgaltarna | ə̑šna surgaltar |
| 2PL: | surgaltarda | ə̑šda surgaltar |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑č́ | ə̑št surgaltar |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltarə̑nam | surgaltarə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | surgaltarə̑nat | surgaltarə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | surgaltarə̑n | surgaltarə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | surgaltarə̑nna | surgaltarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | surgaltarə̑nda | surgaltarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑nə̑t | surgaltarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltaram ə̑l'e | om surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surgaltarat ə̑l'e | ot surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surgaltareš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surgaltarə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surgaltarə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t surgaltar ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltaram ulmaš | om surgaltar ulmaš |
| 2SG: | surgaltarat ulmaš | ot surgaltar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surgaltareš ulmaš | ok/ogeš surgaltar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | surgaltarə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na surgaltar ulmaš |
| 2PL: | surgaltarə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da surgaltar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t surgaltar ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltarə̑nam ə̑l'e | surgaltarə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surgaltarə̑nat ə̑l'e | surgaltarə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surgaltarə̑n ə̑l'e | surgaltarə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surgaltarə̑nna ə̑l'e | surgaltarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surgaltarə̑nda ə̑l'e | surgaltarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | surgaltarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltarə̑nam ulmaš | surgaltarə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | surgaltarə̑nat ulmaš | surgaltarə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surgaltarə̑n ulmaš | surgaltarə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | surgaltarə̑nna ulmaš | surgaltarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | surgaltarə̑nda ulmaš | surgaltarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑nə̑t ulmaš | surgaltarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surgaltar | it surgaltar |
| 3SG: | surgaltarže | ə̑nže surgaltar |
| 1PL: | (surgaltarə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na surgaltar) |
| 2PL: | surgaltarza | ida surgaltar |
| 3PL: | surgaltarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št surgaltar |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltarnem | ə̑nem surgaltar |
| 2SG: | surgaltarnet | ə̑net surgaltar |
| 3SG: | surgaltarneže | ə̑než surgaltar |
| 1PL: | surgaltarnena | ə̑nena surgaltar |
| 2PL: | surgaltarneda | ə̑neda surgaltar |
| 3PL: | surgaltarnešt | ə̑nešt surgaltar |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surgaltarnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surgaltarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surgaltarneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surgaltarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surgaltarneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda surgaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surgaltarnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt surgaltar ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surgaltarnet ulmaš | ə̑net surgaltar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surgaltarneže ulmaš | ə̑než surgaltar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | surgaltarneda ulmaš | ə̑neda surgaltar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surgaltarnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt surgaltar ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | surgaltaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | surgaltarman |
| Active participle: | surgaltarše |
| Passive participle: | surgaltarme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | surgaltaršaš |
| Negative participle: | surgaltardə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | surgaltarə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | surgaltarde |
| Gerund of prior action: | surgaltarmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | surgaltarmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | surgaltaršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | surgaltarmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | surgaltardə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||