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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testam | om teste |
| 2SG: | testat | ot teste |
| 3SG: | testeš | ok/ogeš teste |
| 1PL: | testə̑ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na teste |
| 2PL: | testə̑ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da teste |
| 3PL: | testə̑ə̑t | ogə̑t teste |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testeə̑m | šə̑m teste |
| 2SG: | testeə̑č́ | šə̑č́ teste |
| 3SG: | testeje | ə̑š teste |
| 1PL: | testə̑na | ə̑šna teste |
| 2PL: | testə̑da | ə̑šda teste |
| 3PL: | testeə̑č́ | ə̑št teste |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testə̑ə̑nam | testə̑ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | testə̑ə̑nat | testə̑ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | testə̑ə̑n | testə̑ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | testə̑ə̑nna | testə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | testə̑ə̑nda | testə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | testə̑ə̑nə̑t | testə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testam ə̑l'e | om teste ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | testat ə̑l'e | ot teste ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | testeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš teste ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | testə̑ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na teste ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | testə̑ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da teste ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | testə̑ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t teste ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testam ulmaš | om teste ulmaš |
| 2SG: | testat ulmaš | ot teste ulmaš |
| 3SG: | testeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš teste ulmaš |
| 1PL: | testə̑ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na teste ulmaš |
| 2PL: | testə̑ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da teste ulmaš |
| 3PL: | testə̑ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t teste ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testə̑ə̑nam ə̑l'e | testə̑ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | testə̑ə̑nat ə̑l'e | testə̑ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | testə̑ə̑n ə̑l'e | testə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | testə̑ə̑nna ə̑l'e | testə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | testə̑ə̑nda ə̑l'e | testə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | testə̑ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | testə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testə̑ə̑nam ulmaš | testə̑ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | testə̑ə̑nat ulmaš | testə̑ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | testə̑ə̑n ulmaš | testə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | testə̑ə̑nna ulmaš | testə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | testə̑ə̑nda ulmaš | testə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | testə̑ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | testə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | teste | it teste |
| 3SG: | testə̑že | ə̑nže teste |
| 1PL: | (testə̑ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na teste) |
| 2PL: | testə̑za | ida teste |
| 3PL: | testə̑št | ə̑nə̑št teste |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testə̑nem | ə̑nem teste |
| 2SG: | testə̑net | ə̑net teste |
| 3SG: | testə̑neže | ə̑než teste |
| 1PL: | testə̑nena | ə̑nena teste |
| 2PL: | testə̑neda | ə̑neda teste |
| 3PL: | testə̑nešt | ə̑nešt teste |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | testə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem teste ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | testə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net teste ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | testə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než teste ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | testə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena teste ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | testə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda teste ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | testə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt teste ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | testə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net teste ulmaš |
| 3SG: | testə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než teste ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | testə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda teste ulmaš |
| 3PL: | testə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt teste ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | testaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | testə̑man |
| Active participle: | testə̑še |
| Passive participle: | testə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | testə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | testə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | testə̑ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | testə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | testə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | testə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | testə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | testə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | testə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||