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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | tonaʎnostʲ |
Genitive: | tonaʎnostʲən |
Dative: | tonaʎnostʲlan |
Accusative: | tonaʎnostʲəm |
Comparative: | tonaʎnostʲla |
Comitative: | tonaʎnostʲge |
Inessive: | tonaʎnostʲəʃto |
Illative: | tonaʎnostʲəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | tonaʎnostʲeʃ |
1SG: | tonaʎnostʲem |
2SG: | tonaʎnostʲet |
3SG: | tonaʎnostʲʃo |
1PL: | tonaʎnostʲna |
2PL: | tonaʎnostʲda |
3PL: | tonaʎnostʲəʃt |
Plural (1): | tonaʎnostʲ-βlak |
Plural (2): | tonaʎnostʲ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | tonaʎnostʲla |
Sociative Plural: | tonaʎnostʲmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | tonaʎnostʲem | tonaʎnostʲ-βlak | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakem, tonaʎnostʲem-βlak |
Genitive: | tonaʎnostʲemən | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakən | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakemən, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakən |
Dative: | tonaʎnostʲemlan, tonaʎnostʲlanem | tonaʎnostʲ-βlaklan | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakemlan, tonaʎnostʲem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | tonaʎnostʲeməm | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakəm | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakeməm, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | tonaʎnostʲemla, tonaʎnostʲlam | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakla | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakemla, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakla |
Comitative: | tonaʎnostʲemge | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakge | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakemge, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakge |
Inessive: | tonaʎnostʲəʃtem | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakəʃte | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakəʃtem, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | tonaʎnostʲəʃkem | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakəʃ(ke) | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakəʃkem, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | tonaʎnostʲeʃem | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakeʃ | tonaʎnostʲ-βlakeʃem, tonaʎnostʲem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |