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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkam | om tort͡soβko |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkat | ot tort͡soβko |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkeʃ | ok/ogeʃ tort͡soβko |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəːna | ona/ogəna tort͡soβko |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəːda | oda/ogəda tort͡soβko |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəːt | ogət tort͡soβko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkoəm | ʃəm tort͡soβko |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkoət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ tort͡soβko |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkoo | əʃ tort͡soβko |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəna | əʃna tort͡soβko |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəda | əʃda tort͡soβko |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkoət͡ɕ | əʃt tort͡soβko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkəːnam | tort͡soβkəːn oməl |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkəːnat | tort͡soβkəːn otəl |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəːn | tort͡soβkəːn ogəl |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəːnːa | tort͡soβkəːn onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəːnda | tort͡soβkəːn odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəːnət | tort͡soβkəːn ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkam əʎe | om tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkat əʎe | ot tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəːna əʎe | ona/ogəna tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəːda əʎe | oda/ogəda tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəːt əʎe | ogət tort͡soβko əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkam ulmaʃ | om tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkat ulmaʃ | ot tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəːna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəːda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəːt ulmaʃ | ogət tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkəːnam əʎe | tort͡soβkəːn oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkəːnat əʎe | tort͡soβkəːn otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəːn əʎe | tort͡soβkəːn ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəːnːa əʎe | tort͡soβkəːn onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəːnda əʎe | tort͡soβkəːn odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəːnət əʎe | tort͡soβkəːn ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkəːnam ulmaʃ | tort͡soβkəːn oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkəːnat ulmaʃ | tort͡soβkəːn otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəːn ulmaʃ | tort͡soβkəːn ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəːnːa ulmaʃ | tort͡soβkəːn onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəːnda ulmaʃ | tort͡soβkəːn odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəːnət ulmaʃ | tort͡soβkəːn ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβko | it tort͡soβko |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəʒo | ənʒe tort͡soβko |
| 1PL: | (tort͡soβkəːna) | (ona/ogəna tort͡soβko) |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəza | ida tort͡soβko |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəʃt | ənəʃt tort͡soβko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkənem | ənem tort͡soβko |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkənet | ənet tort͡soβko |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəneʒe | əneʒ tort͡soβko |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkənena | ənena tort͡soβko |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəneda | əneda tort͡soβko |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəneʃt | əneʃt tort͡soβko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkənem əʎe | ənem tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkənena əʎe | ənet tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkənena əʎe | ənena tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəneda əʎe | əneda tort͡soβko əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt tort͡soβko əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβkənet ulmaʃ | ənet tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt tort͡soβko ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tort͡soβkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tort͡soβkəman |
| Active participle: | tort͡soβkəʃo |
| Passive participle: | tort͡soβkəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tort͡soβkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | tort͡soβkədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tort͡soβkəːn |
| Negative gerund: | tort͡soβkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tort͡soβkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tort͡soβkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tort͡soβkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | tort͡soβkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | tort͡soβkədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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