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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnam | om totn |
| 2SG: | totnat | ot totn |
| 3SG: | totneš | ok/ogeš totn |
| 1PL: | totnə̑na | ona/ogə̑na totn |
| 2PL: | totnə̑da | oda/ogə̑da totn |
| 3PL: | totnə̑t | ogə̑t totn |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totńə̑m | šə̑m totn |
| 2SG: | totńə̑č́ | šə̑č́ totn |
| 3SG: | totńo | ə̑š totn |
| 1PL: | totnna | ə̑šna totn |
| 2PL: | totnda | ə̑šda totn |
| 3PL: | totńə̑č́ | ə̑št totn |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnə̑nam | totnə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | totnə̑nat | totnə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | totnə̑n | totnə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | totnə̑nna | totnə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | totnə̑nda | totnə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | totnə̑nə̑t | totnə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnam ə̑l'e | om totn ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | totnat ə̑l'e | ot totn ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | totneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš totn ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | totnə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na totn ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | totnə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da totn ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | totnə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t totn ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnam ulmaš | om totn ulmaš |
| 2SG: | totnat ulmaš | ot totn ulmaš |
| 3SG: | totneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš totn ulmaš |
| 1PL: | totnə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na totn ulmaš |
| 2PL: | totnə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da totn ulmaš |
| 3PL: | totnə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t totn ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnə̑nam ə̑l'e | totnə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | totnə̑nat ə̑l'e | totnə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | totnə̑n ə̑l'e | totnə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | totnə̑nna ə̑l'e | totnə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | totnə̑nda ə̑l'e | totnə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | totnə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | totnə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnə̑nam ulmaš | totnə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | totnə̑nat ulmaš | totnə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | totnə̑n ulmaš | totnə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | totnə̑nna ulmaš | totnə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | totnə̑nda ulmaš | totnə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | totnə̑nə̑t ulmaš | totnə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | totn | it totn |
| 3SG: | totnžo | ə̑nže totn |
| 1PL: | (totnə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na totn) |
| 2PL: | totnza | ida totn |
| 3PL: | totnə̑št | ə̑nə̑št totn |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnnem | ə̑nem totn |
| 2SG: | totnnet | ə̑net totn |
| 3SG: | totnneže | ə̑než totn |
| 1PL: | totnnena | ə̑nena totn |
| 2PL: | totnneda | ə̑neda totn |
| 3PL: | totnnešt | ə̑nešt totn |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | totnnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem totn ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | totnnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net totn ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | totnneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než totn ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | totnnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena totn ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | totnneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda totn ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | totnnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt totn ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | totnnet ulmaš | ə̑net totn ulmaš |
| 3SG: | totnneže ulmaš | ə̑než totn ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | totnneda ulmaš | ə̑neda totn ulmaš |
| 3PL: | totnnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt totn ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | totnaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | totnman |
| Active participle: | totnšo |
| Passive participle: | totnmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | totnšaš |
| Negative participle: | totndə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | totnə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | totnde |
| Gerund of prior action: | totnmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | totnmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | totnšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | totnmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | totndə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||