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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toŋedaʃ (-am) |
| Genitive: | toŋedaʃ (-am)ən |
| Dative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)lan |
| Accusative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)əm |
| Comparative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)la |
| Comitative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)ge |
| Inessive: | toŋedaʃ (-am)əʃte |
| Illative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)əʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jem |
| 2SG: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jet |
| 3SG: | toŋedaʃ (-am)ʒe |
| 1PL: | toŋedaʃ (-am)na |
| 2PL: | toŋedaʃ (-am)da |
| 3PL: | toŋedaʃ (-am)əʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toŋedaʃ (-am)-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toŋedaʃ (-am)la |
| Sociative Plural: | toŋedaʃ (-am)mət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jem | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlak | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakem, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jemən | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakən | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakemən, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakən |
| Dative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jemlan, toŋedaʃ (-am)lanem | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlaklan | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakemlan, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jeməm | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakəm | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakeməm, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jemla, toŋedaʃ (-am)lam | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakla | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakemla, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jemge | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakge | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakemge, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toŋedaʃ (-am)əʃtem | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃte | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃtem, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)əʃkem | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃ(ke) | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃkem, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toŋedaʃ (-am)jeʃem | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakeʃ | toŋedaʃ (-am)-βlakeʃem, toŋedaʃ (-am)jem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||