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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | uʃkal |
Genitive: | uʃkalən |
Dative: | uʃkalːan |
Accusative: | uʃkaləm |
Comparative: | uʃkalːa |
Comitative: | uʃkalge |
Inessive: | uʃkaləʃte |
Illative: | uʃkaləʃ(ke) |
Lative: | uʃkaleʃ |
1SG: | uʃkalem |
2SG: | uʃkalet |
3SG: | uʃkalʒe |
1PL: | uʃkalna |
2PL: | uʃkalda |
3PL: | uʃkaləʃt |
Plural (1): | uʃkal-βlak |
Plural (2): | uʃkal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | uʃkalːa |
Sociative Plural: | uʃkalmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | uʃkalem | uʃkal-βlak | uʃkal-βlakem, uʃkalem-βlak |
Genitive: | uʃkalemən | uʃkal-βlakən | uʃkal-βlakemən, uʃkalem-βlakən |
Dative: | uʃkalemlan, uʃkalːanem | uʃkal-βlaklan | uʃkal-βlakemlan, uʃkalem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | uʃkaleməm | uʃkal-βlakəm | uʃkal-βlakeməm, uʃkalem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | uʃkalemla, uʃkalːam | uʃkal-βlakla | uʃkal-βlakemla, uʃkalem-βlakla |
Comitative: | uʃkalemge | uʃkal-βlakge | uʃkal-βlakemge, uʃkalem-βlakge |
Inessive: | uʃkaləʃtem | uʃkal-βlakəʃte | uʃkal-βlakəʃtem, uʃkalem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | uʃkaləʃkem | uʃkal-βlakəʃ(ke) | uʃkal-βlakəʃkem, uʃkalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | uʃkaleʃem | uʃkal-βlakeʃ | uʃkal-βlakeʃem, uʃkalem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |