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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕam | om xart͡ɕo |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕat | ot xart͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕeʃ | ok/ogeʃ xart͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəːna | ona/ogəna xart͡ɕo |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəːda | oda/ogəda xart͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəːt | ogət xart͡ɕo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕoəm | ʃəm xart͡ɕo |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕoət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ xart͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕoo | əʃ xart͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəna | əʃna xart͡ɕo |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəda | əʃda xart͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕoət͡ɕ | əʃt xart͡ɕo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕəːnam | xart͡ɕəːn oməl |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕəːnat | xart͡ɕəːn otəl |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəːn | xart͡ɕəːn ogəl |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəːnːa | xart͡ɕəːn onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəːnda | xart͡ɕəːn odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəːnət | xart͡ɕəːn ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕam əʎe | om xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕat əʎe | ot xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəːna əʎe | ona/ogəna xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəːda əʎe | oda/ogəda xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəːt əʎe | ogət xart͡ɕo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕam ulmaʃ | om xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ot xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəːna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəːda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəːt ulmaʃ | ogət xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕəːnam əʎe | xart͡ɕəːn oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕəːnat əʎe | xart͡ɕəːn otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəːn əʎe | xart͡ɕəːn ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəːnːa əʎe | xart͡ɕəːn onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəːnda əʎe | xart͡ɕəːn odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəːnət əʎe | xart͡ɕəːn ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕəːnam ulmaʃ | xart͡ɕəːn oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕəːnat ulmaʃ | xart͡ɕəːn otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəːn ulmaʃ | xart͡ɕəːn ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕəːnːa ulmaʃ | xart͡ɕəːn onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəːnda ulmaʃ | xart͡ɕəːn odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəːnət ulmaʃ | xart͡ɕəːn ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕo | it xart͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəʒo | ənʒe xart͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | (xart͡ɕəːna) | (ona/ogəna xart͡ɕo) |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəza | ida xart͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəʃt | ənəʃt xart͡ɕo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕənem | ənem xart͡ɕo |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕənet | ənet xart͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəneʒe | əneʒ xart͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕənena | ənena xart͡ɕo |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəneda | əneda xart͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəneʃt | əneʃt xart͡ɕo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | xart͡ɕənem əʎe | ənem xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕənena əʎe | ənet xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 1PL: | xart͡ɕənena əʎe | ənena xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəneda əʎe | əneda xart͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt xart͡ɕo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | xart͡ɕənet ulmaʃ | ənet xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | xart͡ɕəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | xart͡ɕəneda ulmaʃ | əneda xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | xart͡ɕəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt xart͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | xart͡ɕaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | xart͡ɕəman |
| Active participle: | xart͡ɕəʃo |
| Passive participle: | xart͡ɕəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | xart͡ɕəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | xart͡ɕədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | xart͡ɕəːn |
| Negative gerund: | xart͡ɕəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | xart͡ɕəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | xart͡ɕəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | xart͡ɕəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | xart͡ɕəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | xart͡ɕədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||