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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargam | om šapalge-joškarge |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargat | ot šapalge-joškarge |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargeš | ok/ogeš šapalge-joškarge |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šapalge-joškarge |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šapalge-joškarge |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑t | ogə̑t šapalge-joškarge |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargeə̑m | šə̑m šapalge-joškarge |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargeə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šapalge-joškarge |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargeje | ə̑š šapalge-joškarge |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑na | ə̑šna šapalge-joškarge |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑da | ə̑šda šapalge-joškarge |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargeə̑č́ | ə̑št šapalge-joškarge |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nam | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nat | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nna | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nda | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nə̑t | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargam ə̑l'e | om šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargat ə̑l'e | ot šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargam ulmaš | om šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargat ulmaš | ot šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nam ə̑l'e | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nat ə̑l'e | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ə̑l'e | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nna ə̑l'e | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nda ə̑l'e | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nam ulmaš | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nat ulmaš | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ulmaš | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nna ulmaš | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nda ulmaš | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškarge | it šapalge-joškarge |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑že | ə̑nže šapalge-joškarge |
| 1PL: | (šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šapalge-joškarge) |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑za | ida šapalge-joškarge |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šapalge-joškarge |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑nem | ə̑nem šapalge-joškarge |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑net | ə̑net šapalge-joškarge |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑neže | ə̑než šapalge-joškarge |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑nena | ə̑nena šapalge-joškarge |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑neda | ə̑neda šapalge-joškarge |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑nešt | ə̑nešt šapalge-joškarge |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šapalge-joškarge ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šapalge-joškargə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šapalge-joškargə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šapalge-joškarge ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šapalge-joškargaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šapalge-joškargə̑man |
| Active participle: | šapalge-joškargə̑še |
| Passive participle: | šapalge-joškargə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šapalge-joškargə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | šapalge-joškargə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šapalge-joškargə̑ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šapalge-joškargə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | šapalge-joškargə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šapalge-joškargə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šapalge-joškargə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šapalge-joškargə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | šapalge-joškargə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||