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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltam | om šüalt |
| 2SG: | šüaltat | ot šüalt |
| 3SG: | šüalteš | ok/ogeš šüalt |
| 1PL: | šüaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šüalt |
| 2PL: | šüaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šüalt |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑t | ogə̑t šüalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltə̑m | šə̑m šüalt |
| 2SG: | šüaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šüalt |
| 3SG: | šüalte | ə̑š šüalt |
| 1PL: | šüaltna | ə̑šna šüalt |
| 2PL: | šüaltda | ə̑šda šüalt |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑č́ | ə̑št šüalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltə̑nam | šüaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šüaltə̑nat | šüaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šüaltə̑n | šüaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šüaltə̑nna | šüaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šüaltə̑nda | šüaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑nə̑t | šüaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltam ə̑l'e | om šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šüaltat ə̑l'e | ot šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šüalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šüaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šüaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šüalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltam ulmaš | om šüalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šüaltat ulmaš | ot šüalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šüalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šüalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šüaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šüalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šüaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šüalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šüalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | šüaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šüaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | šüaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šüaltə̑n ə̑l'e | šüaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šüaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | šüaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šüaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | šüaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šüaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltə̑nam ulmaš | šüaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šüaltə̑nat ulmaš | šüaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šüaltə̑n ulmaš | šüaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šüaltə̑nna ulmaš | šüaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šüaltə̑nda ulmaš | šüaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šüaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šüalt | it šüalt |
| 3SG: | šüaltše | ə̑nže šüalt |
| 1PL: | (šüaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šüalt) |
| 2PL: | šüaltsa | ida šüalt |
| 3PL: | šüaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šüalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltnem | ə̑nem šüalt |
| 2SG: | šüaltnet | ə̑net šüalt |
| 3SG: | šüaltneže | ə̑než šüalt |
| 1PL: | šüaltnena | ə̑nena šüalt |
| 2PL: | šüaltneda | ə̑neda šüalt |
| 3PL: | šüaltnešt | ə̑nešt šüalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šüaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šüaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šüaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šüaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šüalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šüaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šüalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šüaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net šüalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šüaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než šüalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šüaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šüalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šüaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šüalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šüaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šüaltman |
| Active participle: | šüaltše |
| Passive participle: | šüaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šüaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | šüaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šüaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šüaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šüaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šüaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šüaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šüaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šüaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||