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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visam | om visa |
| 2SG: | visat | ot visa |
| 3SG: | visa | ok/ogeʃ visa |
| 1PL: | visana | ona/ogəna visa |
| 2PL: | visada | oda/ogəda visa |
| 3PL: | visat | ogət visa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visaʃəm | ʃəm visa |
| 2SG: | visaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ visa |
| 3SG: | visaʃ | əʃ visa |
| 1PL: | visaʃna | əʃna visa |
| 2PL: | visaʃda | əʃda visa |
| 3PL: | visaʃt | əʃt visa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visanam | visan oməl |
| 2SG: | visanat | visan otəl |
| 3SG: | visan | visan ogəl |
| 1PL: | visanːa | visan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | visanda | visan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | visanət | visan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visam əʎe | om visa əʎe |
| 2SG: | visat əʎe | ot visa əʎe |
| 3SG: | visa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ visa əʎe |
| 1PL: | visana əʎe | ona/ogəna visa əʎe |
| 2PL: | visada əʎe | oda/ogəda visa əʎe |
| 3PL: | visat əʎe | ogət visa əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visam ulmaʃ | om visa ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | visat ulmaʃ | ot visa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | visa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ visa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | visana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna visa ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | visada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda visa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | visat ulmaʃ | ogət visa ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visanam əʎe | visan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | visanat əʎe | visan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | visan əʎe | visan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | visanːa əʎe | visan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | visanda əʎe | visan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | visan əʎe | visan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visanam ulmaʃ | visan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | visanat ulmaʃ | visan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | visan ulmaʃ | visan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | visanːa ulmaʃ | visan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | visanda ulmaʃ | visan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | visan ulmaʃ | visan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | visa | it visa |
| 3SG: | visaʒe | ənʒe visa |
| 1PL: | (visana) | (ona/ogəna visa) |
| 2PL: | visaza | ida visa |
| 3PL: | visaʃt | ənəʃt visa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visanem | ənem visa |
| 2SG: | visanet | ənet visa |
| 3SG: | visaneʒe | əneʒ visa |
| 1PL: | visanena | ənena visa |
| 2PL: | visaneda | əneda visa |
| 3PL: | visaneʃt | əneʃt visa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | visanem əʎe | ənem visa əʎe |
| 2SG: | visanena əʎe | ənet visa əʎe |
| 3SG: | visaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ visa əʎe |
| 1PL: | visanena əʎe | ənena visa əʎe |
| 2PL: | visaneda əʎe | əneda visa əʎe |
| 3PL: | visaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt visa əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | visanet ulmaʃ | ənet visa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | visaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ visa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | visaneda ulmaʃ | əneda visa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | visaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt visa ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | visaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | visaman |
| Active participle: | visaʃe |
| Passive participle: | visame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | visaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | visadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | visan |
| Negative gerund: | visade |
| Gerund of prior action: | visamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | visameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | visaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | visamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | visadəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||