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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikem | om bufetč́ik |
| 2SG: | bufetč́iket | ot bufetč́ik |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ika | ok/ogeš bufetč́ik |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikena | ona/ogə̑na bufetč́ik |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikeda | oda/ogə̑da bufetč́ik |
| 3PL: | bufetč́ikat | ogə̑t bufetč́ik |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikə̑šə̑m | šə̑m bufetč́ik |
| 2SG: | bufetč́ikə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ bufetč́ik |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ikə̑š | ə̑š bufetč́ik |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikə̑šna | ə̑šna bufetč́ik |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikə̑šda | ə̑šda bufetč́ik |
| 3PL: | bufetč́ikə̑št | ə̑št bufetč́ik |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikenam | bufetč́iken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | bufetč́ikenat | bufetč́iken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | bufetč́iken | bufetč́iken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikenna | bufetč́iken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikenda | bufetč́iken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | bufetč́ikenə̑t | bufetč́iken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikem ə̑l'e | om bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | bufetč́iket ə̑l'e | ot bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ika ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | bufetč́ikat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikem ulmaš | om bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 2SG: | bufetč́iket ulmaš | ot bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ika ulmaš | ok/ogeš bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | bufetč́ikat ulmaš | ogə̑t bufetč́ik ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikenam ə̑l'e | bufetč́iken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | bufetč́ikenat ə̑l'e | bufetč́iken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | bufetč́iken ə̑l'e | bufetč́iken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikenna ə̑l'e | bufetč́iken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikenda ə̑l'e | bufetč́iken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | bufetč́iken ə̑l'e | bufetč́iken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́ikenam ulmaš | bufetč́iken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | bufetč́ikenat ulmaš | bufetč́iken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | bufetč́iken ulmaš | bufetč́iken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | bufetč́ikenna ulmaš | bufetč́iken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikenda ulmaš | bufetč́iken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | bufetč́iken ulmaš | bufetč́iken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | bufetč́ik | it bufetč́ik |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ikše | ə̑nže bufetč́ik |
| 1PL: | (bufetč́ikena) | (ona/ogə̑na bufetč́ik) |
| 2PL: | bufetč́iksa | ida bufetč́ik |
| 3PL: | bufetč́ikə̑št | ə̑nə̑št bufetč́ik |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́iknem | ə̑nem bufetč́ik |
| 2SG: | bufetč́iknet | ə̑net bufetč́ik |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ikneže | ə̑než bufetč́ik |
| 1PL: | bufetč́iknena | ə̑nena bufetč́ik |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikneda | ə̑neda bufetč́ik |
| 3PL: | bufetč́iknešt | ə̑nešt bufetč́ik |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | bufetč́iknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | bufetč́iknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ikneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | bufetč́iknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | bufetč́iknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt bufetč́ik ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | bufetč́iknet ulmaš | ə̑net bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | bufetč́ikneže ulmaš | ə̑než bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | bufetč́ikneda ulmaš | ə̑neda bufetč́ik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | bufetč́iknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt bufetč́ik ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | bufetč́ikaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | bufetč́ikman |
| Active participle: | bufetč́ikše |
| Passive participle: | bufetč́ikme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | bufetč́ikšaš |
| Negative participle: | bufetč́ikdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | bufetč́iken |
| Negative gerund: | bufetč́ikde |
| Gerund of prior action: | bufetč́ikmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | bufetč́ikmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | bufetč́ikšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | bufetč́ikmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | bufetč́ikdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||