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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakam | om βolgaka |
| 2SG: | βolgakat | ot βolgaka |
| 3SG: | βolgaka | ok/ogeš βolgaka |
| 1PL: | βolgakana | ona/ogə̑na βolgaka |
| 2PL: | βolgakada | oda/ogə̑da βolgaka |
| 3PL: | βolgakat | ogə̑t βolgaka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakašə̑m | šə̑m βolgaka |
| 2SG: | βolgakašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βolgaka |
| 3SG: | βolgakaš | ə̑š βolgaka |
| 1PL: | βolgakašna | ə̑šna βolgaka |
| 2PL: | βolgakašda | ə̑šda βolgaka |
| 3PL: | βolgakašt | ə̑št βolgaka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakanam | βolgakan omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βolgakanat | βolgakan otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βolgakan | βolgakan ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βolgakanna | βolgakan onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βolgakanda | βolgakan odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βolgakanə̑t | βolgakan ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakam ə̑l'e | om βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βolgakat ə̑l'e | ot βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βolgaka ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βolgakana ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βolgakada ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βolgakat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βolgaka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakam ulmaš | om βolgaka ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βolgakat ulmaš | ot βolgaka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βolgaka ulmaš | ok/ogeš βolgaka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βolgakana ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βolgaka ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βolgakada ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βolgaka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βolgakat ulmaš | ogə̑t βolgaka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakanam ə̑l'e | βolgakan omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βolgakanat ə̑l'e | βolgakan otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βolgakan ə̑l'e | βolgakan ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βolgakanna ə̑l'e | βolgakan onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βolgakanda ə̑l'e | βolgakan odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βolgakan ə̑l'e | βolgakan ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakanam ulmaš | βolgakan omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βolgakanat ulmaš | βolgakan otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βolgakan ulmaš | βolgakan ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βolgakanna ulmaš | βolgakan onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βolgakanda ulmaš | βolgakan odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βolgakan ulmaš | βolgakan ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βolgaka | it βolgaka |
| 3SG: | βolgakaže | ə̑nže βolgaka |
| 1PL: | (βolgakana) | (ona/ogə̑na βolgaka) |
| 2PL: | βolgakaza | ida βolgaka |
| 3PL: | βolgakašt | ə̑nə̑št βolgaka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakanem | ə̑nem βolgaka |
| 2SG: | βolgakanet | ə̑net βolgaka |
| 3SG: | βolgakaneže | ə̑než βolgaka |
| 1PL: | βolgakanena | ə̑nena βolgaka |
| 2PL: | βolgakaneda | ə̑neda βolgaka |
| 3PL: | βolgakanešt | ə̑nešt βolgaka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βolgakanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βolgakanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βolgakaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βolgakanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βolgakaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βolgaka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βolgakanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βolgaka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βolgakanet ulmaš | ə̑net βolgaka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βolgakaneže ulmaš | ə̑než βolgaka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βolgakaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βolgaka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βolgakanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βolgaka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βolgakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βolgakaman |
| Active participle: | βolgakaše |
| Passive participle: | βolgakame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βolgakašaš |
| Negative participle: | βolgakadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βolgakan |
| Negative gerund: | βolgakade |
| Gerund of prior action: | βolgakamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βolgakameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βolgakašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βolgakamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βolgakadə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||