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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusem | om gladiolus |
| 2SG: | gladioluset | ot gladiolus |
| 3SG: | gladiolusa | ok/ogeš gladiolus |
| 1PL: | gladiolusena | ona/ogə̑na gladiolus |
| 2PL: | gladioluseda | oda/ogə̑da gladiolus |
| 3PL: | gladiolusat | ogə̑t gladiolus |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusə̑šə̑m | šə̑m gladiolus |
| 2SG: | gladiolusə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ gladiolus |
| 3SG: | gladiolusə̑š | ə̑š gladiolus |
| 1PL: | gladiolusə̑šna | ə̑šna gladiolus |
| 2PL: | gladiolusə̑šda | ə̑šda gladiolus |
| 3PL: | gladiolusə̑št | ə̑št gladiolus |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusenam | gladiolusen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | gladiolusenat | gladiolusen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | gladiolusen | gladiolusen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | gladiolusenna | gladiolusen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | gladiolusenda | gladiolusen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | gladiolusenə̑t | gladiolusen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusem ə̑l'e | om gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gladioluset ə̑l'e | ot gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gladiolusa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gladiolusena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gladioluseda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gladiolusat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t gladiolus ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusem ulmaš | om gladiolus ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gladioluset ulmaš | ot gladiolus ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gladiolusa ulmaš | ok/ogeš gladiolus ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gladiolusena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na gladiolus ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gladioluseda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da gladiolus ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gladiolusat ulmaš | ogə̑t gladiolus ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusenam ə̑l'e | gladiolusen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gladiolusenat ə̑l'e | gladiolusen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gladiolusen ə̑l'e | gladiolusen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gladiolusenna ə̑l'e | gladiolusen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gladiolusenda ə̑l'e | gladiolusen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gladiolusen ə̑l'e | gladiolusen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusenam ulmaš | gladiolusen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gladiolusenat ulmaš | gladiolusen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gladiolusen ulmaš | gladiolusen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gladiolusenna ulmaš | gladiolusen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gladiolusenda ulmaš | gladiolusen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gladiolusen ulmaš | gladiolusen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gladiolus | it gladiolus |
| 3SG: | gladiolusšo | ə̑nže gladiolus |
| 1PL: | (gladiolusena) | (ona/ogə̑na gladiolus) |
| 2PL: | gladiolussa | ida gladiolus |
| 3PL: | gladiolusə̑št | ə̑nə̑št gladiolus |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusnem | ə̑nem gladiolus |
| 2SG: | gladiolusnet | ə̑net gladiolus |
| 3SG: | gladiolusneže | ə̑než gladiolus |
| 1PL: | gladiolusnena | ə̑nena gladiolus |
| 2PL: | gladiolusneda | ə̑neda gladiolus |
| 3PL: | gladiolusnešt | ə̑nešt gladiolus |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gladiolusnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gladiolusnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gladiolusneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gladiolusnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gladiolusneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda gladiolus ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gladiolusnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt gladiolus ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gladiolusnet ulmaš | ə̑net gladiolus ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gladiolusneže ulmaš | ə̑než gladiolus ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | gladiolusneda ulmaš | ə̑neda gladiolus ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gladiolusnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt gladiolus ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | gladiolusaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | gladiolusman |
| Active participle: | gladiolusšo |
| Passive participle: | gladiolusmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | gladiolusšaš |
| Negative participle: | gladiolusdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | gladiolusen |
| Negative gerund: | gladiolusde |
| Gerund of prior action: | gladiolusmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | gladiolusmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | gladiolusšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | gladiolusmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | gladiolusdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||