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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronem | om gorono |
| 2SG: | goronet | ot gorono |
| 3SG: | gorona | ok/ogeʃ gorono |
| 1PL: | goronena | ona/ogəna gorono |
| 2PL: | goroneda | oda/ogəda gorono |
| 3PL: | goronat | ogət gorono |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronəʃəm | ʃəm gorono |
| 2SG: | goronəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ gorono |
| 3SG: | goronəʃ | əʃ gorono |
| 1PL: | goronəʃna | əʃna gorono |
| 2PL: | goronəʃda | əʃda gorono |
| 3PL: | goronəʃt | əʃt gorono |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronenam | goronen oməl |
| 2SG: | goronenat | goronen otəl |
| 3SG: | goronen | goronen ogəl |
| 1PL: | goronenːa | goronen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | goronenda | goronen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | goronenət | goronen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronem əʎe | om gorono əʎe |
| 2SG: | goronet əʎe | ot gorono əʎe |
| 3SG: | gorona əʎe | ok/ogeʃ gorono əʎe |
| 1PL: | goronena əʎe | ona/ogəna gorono əʎe |
| 2PL: | goroneda əʎe | oda/ogəda gorono əʎe |
| 3PL: | goronat əʎe | ogət gorono əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronem ulmaʃ | om gorono ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | goronet ulmaʃ | ot gorono ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | gorona ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ gorono ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | goronena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna gorono ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | goroneda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda gorono ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | goronat ulmaʃ | ogət gorono ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronenam əʎe | goronen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | goronenat əʎe | goronen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | goronen əʎe | goronen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | goronenːa əʎe | goronen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | goronenda əʎe | goronen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | goronen əʎe | goronen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronenam ulmaʃ | goronen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | goronenat ulmaʃ | goronen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | goronen ulmaʃ | goronen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | goronenːa ulmaʃ | goronen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | goronenda ulmaʃ | goronen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | goronen ulmaʃ | goronen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gorono | it gorono |
| 3SG: | goronəʒo | ənʒe gorono |
| 1PL: | (goronena) | (ona/ogəna gorono) |
| 2PL: | goronəza | ida gorono |
| 3PL: | goronəʃt | ənəʃt gorono |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronənem | ənem gorono |
| 2SG: | goronənet | ənet gorono |
| 3SG: | goronəneʒe | əneʒ gorono |
| 1PL: | goronənena | ənena gorono |
| 2PL: | goronəneda | əneda gorono |
| 3PL: | goronəneʃt | əneʃt gorono |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | goronənem əʎe | ənem gorono əʎe |
| 2SG: | goronənena əʎe | ənet gorono əʎe |
| 3SG: | goronəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ gorono əʎe |
| 1PL: | goronənena əʎe | ənena gorono əʎe |
| 2PL: | goronəneda əʎe | əneda gorono əʎe |
| 3PL: | goronəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt gorono əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | goronənet ulmaʃ | ənet gorono ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | goronəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ gorono ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | goronəneda ulmaʃ | əneda gorono ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | goronəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt gorono ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | goronaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | goronəman |
| Active participle: | goronəʃo |
| Passive participle: | goronəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | goronəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | goronədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | goronen |
| Negative gerund: | goronəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | goronəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | goronəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | goronəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | goronəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | goronədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||