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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikem | om donosč́ik |
| 2SG: | donosč́iket | ot donosč́ik |
| 3SG: | donosč́ika | ok/ogeš donosč́ik |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikena | ona/ogə̑na donosč́ik |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikeda | oda/ogə̑da donosč́ik |
| 3PL: | donosč́ikat | ogə̑t donosč́ik |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikə̑šə̑m | šə̑m donosč́ik |
| 2SG: | donosč́ikə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ donosč́ik |
| 3SG: | donosč́ikə̑š | ə̑š donosč́ik |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikə̑šna | ə̑šna donosč́ik |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikə̑šda | ə̑šda donosč́ik |
| 3PL: | donosč́ikə̑št | ə̑št donosč́ik |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikenam | donosč́iken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | donosč́ikenat | donosč́iken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | donosč́iken | donosč́iken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikenna | donosč́iken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikenda | donosč́iken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | donosč́ikenə̑t | donosč́iken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikem ə̑l'e | om donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | donosč́iket ə̑l'e | ot donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | donosč́ika ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | donosč́ikat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikem ulmaš | om donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 2SG: | donosč́iket ulmaš | ot donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | donosč́ika ulmaš | ok/ogeš donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | donosč́ikat ulmaš | ogə̑t donosč́ik ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikenam ə̑l'e | donosč́iken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | donosč́ikenat ə̑l'e | donosč́iken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | donosč́iken ə̑l'e | donosč́iken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikenna ə̑l'e | donosč́iken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikenda ə̑l'e | donosč́iken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | donosč́iken ə̑l'e | donosč́iken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́ikenam ulmaš | donosč́iken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | donosč́ikenat ulmaš | donosč́iken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | donosč́iken ulmaš | donosč́iken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | donosč́ikenna ulmaš | donosč́iken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikenda ulmaš | donosč́iken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | donosč́iken ulmaš | donosč́iken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | donosč́ik | it donosč́ik |
| 3SG: | donosč́ikše | ə̑nže donosč́ik |
| 1PL: | (donosč́ikena) | (ona/ogə̑na donosč́ik) |
| 2PL: | donosč́iksa | ida donosč́ik |
| 3PL: | donosč́ikə̑št | ə̑nə̑št donosč́ik |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́iknem | ə̑nem donosč́ik |
| 2SG: | donosč́iknet | ə̑net donosč́ik |
| 3SG: | donosč́ikneže | ə̑než donosč́ik |
| 1PL: | donosč́iknena | ə̑nena donosč́ik |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikneda | ə̑neda donosč́ik |
| 3PL: | donosč́iknešt | ə̑nešt donosč́ik |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | donosč́iknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | donosč́iknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | donosč́ikneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | donosč́iknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | donosč́iknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt donosč́ik ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | donosč́iknet ulmaš | ə̑net donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | donosč́ikneže ulmaš | ə̑než donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | donosč́ikneda ulmaš | ə̑neda donosč́ik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | donosč́iknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt donosč́ik ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | donosč́ikaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | donosč́ikman |
| Active participle: | donosč́ikše |
| Passive participle: | donosč́ikme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | donosč́ikšaš |
| Negative participle: | donosč́ikdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | donosč́iken |
| Negative gerund: | donosč́ikde |
| Gerund of prior action: | donosč́ikmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | donosč́ikmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | donosč́ikšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | donosč́ikmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | donosč́ikdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||