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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganem | om dungan |
| 2SG: | dunganet | ot dungan |
| 3SG: | dungana | ok/ogeš dungan |
| 1PL: | dunganena | ona/ogə̑na dungan |
| 2PL: | dunganeda | oda/ogə̑da dungan |
| 3PL: | dunganat | ogə̑t dungan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganə̑šə̑m | šə̑m dungan |
| 2SG: | dunganə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ dungan |
| 3SG: | dunganə̑š | ə̑š dungan |
| 1PL: | dunganə̑šna | ə̑šna dungan |
| 2PL: | dunganə̑šda | ə̑šda dungan |
| 3PL: | dunganə̑št | ə̑št dungan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganenam | dunganen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | dunganenat | dunganen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | dunganen | dunganen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | dunganenna | dunganen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | dunganenda | dunganen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | dunganenə̑t | dunganen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganem ə̑l'e | om dungan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | dunganet ə̑l'e | ot dungan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | dungana ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš dungan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | dunganena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na dungan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | dunganeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da dungan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | dunganat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t dungan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganem ulmaš | om dungan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | dunganet ulmaš | ot dungan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | dungana ulmaš | ok/ogeš dungan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | dunganena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na dungan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | dunganeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da dungan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | dunganat ulmaš | ogə̑t dungan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganenam ə̑l'e | dunganen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | dunganenat ə̑l'e | dunganen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | dunganen ə̑l'e | dunganen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | dunganenna ə̑l'e | dunganen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | dunganenda ə̑l'e | dunganen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | dunganen ə̑l'e | dunganen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dunganenam ulmaš | dunganen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | dunganenat ulmaš | dunganen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | dunganen ulmaš | dunganen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | dunganenna ulmaš | dunganen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | dunganenda ulmaš | dunganen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | dunganen ulmaš | dunganen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | dungan | it dungan |
| 3SG: | dunganže | ə̑nže dungan |
| 1PL: | (dunganena) | (ona/ogə̑na dungan) |
| 2PL: | dunganza | ida dungan |
| 3PL: | dunganə̑št | ə̑nə̑št dungan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dungannem | ə̑nem dungan |
| 2SG: | dungannet | ə̑net dungan |
| 3SG: | dunganneže | ə̑než dungan |
| 1PL: | dungannena | ə̑nena dungan |
| 2PL: | dunganneda | ə̑neda dungan |
| 3PL: | dungannešt | ə̑nešt dungan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | dungannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem dungan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | dungannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net dungan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | dunganneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než dungan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | dungannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena dungan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | dunganneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda dungan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | dungannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt dungan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | dungannet ulmaš | ə̑net dungan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | dunganneže ulmaš | ə̑než dungan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | dunganneda ulmaš | ə̑neda dungan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | dungannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt dungan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | dunganaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | dunganman |
| Active participle: | dunganše |
| Passive participle: | dunganme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | dunganšaš |
| Negative participle: | dungandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | dunganen |
| Negative gerund: | dungande |
| Gerund of prior action: | dunganmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | dunganmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | dunganšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | dunganmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | dungandə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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