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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanem | om ispan |
| 2SG: | ispanet | ot ispan |
| 3SG: | ispana | ok/ogeš ispan |
| 1PL: | ispanena | ona/ogə̑na ispan |
| 2PL: | ispaneda | oda/ogə̑da ispan |
| 3PL: | ispanat | ogə̑t ispan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanə̑šə̑m | šə̑m ispan |
| 2SG: | ispanə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ispan |
| 3SG: | ispanə̑š | ə̑š ispan |
| 1PL: | ispanə̑šna | ə̑šna ispan |
| 2PL: | ispanə̑šda | ə̑šda ispan |
| 3PL: | ispanə̑št | ə̑št ispan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanenam | ispanen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ispanenat | ispanen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ispanen | ispanen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ispanenna | ispanen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ispanenda | ispanen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ispanenə̑t | ispanen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanem ə̑l'e | om ispan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ispanet ə̑l'e | ot ispan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ispana ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ispan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ispanena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ispan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ispaneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ispan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ispanat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ispan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanem ulmaš | om ispan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ispanet ulmaš | ot ispan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ispana ulmaš | ok/ogeš ispan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ispanena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ispan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ispaneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ispan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ispanat ulmaš | ogə̑t ispan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanenam ə̑l'e | ispanen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ispanenat ə̑l'e | ispanen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ispanen ə̑l'e | ispanen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ispanenna ə̑l'e | ispanen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ispanenda ə̑l'e | ispanen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ispanen ə̑l'e | ispanen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispanenam ulmaš | ispanen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ispanenat ulmaš | ispanen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ispanen ulmaš | ispanen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ispanenna ulmaš | ispanen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ispanenda ulmaš | ispanen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ispanen ulmaš | ispanen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ispan | it ispan |
| 3SG: | ispanže | ə̑nže ispan |
| 1PL: | (ispanena) | (ona/ogə̑na ispan) |
| 2PL: | ispanza | ida ispan |
| 3PL: | ispanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ispan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispannem | ə̑nem ispan |
| 2SG: | ispannet | ə̑net ispan |
| 3SG: | ispanneže | ə̑než ispan |
| 1PL: | ispannena | ə̑nena ispan |
| 2PL: | ispanneda | ə̑neda ispan |
| 3PL: | ispannešt | ə̑nešt ispan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ispannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ispan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ispannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ispan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ispanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ispan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ispannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ispan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ispanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ispan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ispannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ispan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ispannet ulmaš | ə̑net ispan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ispanneže ulmaš | ə̑než ispan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ispanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ispan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ispannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ispan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ispanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ispanman |
| Active participle: | ispanše |
| Passive participle: | ispanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ispanšaš |
| Negative participle: | ispandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ispanen |
| Negative gerund: | ispande |
| Gerund of prior action: | ispanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ispanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ispanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ispanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ispandə̑maš |
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| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||