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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkem | om jotke |
| 2SG: | jotket | ot jotke |
| 3SG: | jotkea | ok/ogeš jotke |
| 1PL: | jotkena | ona/ogə̑na jotke |
| 2PL: | jotkeda | oda/ogə̑da jotke |
| 3PL: | jotkeat | ogə̑t jotke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkešə̑m | šə̑m jotke |
| 2SG: | jotkešə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jotke |
| 3SG: | jotkeš | ə̑š jotke |
| 1PL: | jotkešna | ə̑šna jotke |
| 2PL: | jotkešda | ə̑šda jotke |
| 3PL: | jotkešt | ə̑št jotke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkenam | jotken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jotkenat | jotken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jotken | jotken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jotkenna | jotken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jotkenda | jotken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jotkenə̑t | jotken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkem ə̑l'e | om jotke ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jotket ə̑l'e | ot jotke ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jotkea ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jotke ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jotkena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jotke ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jotkeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jotke ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jotkeat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jotke ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkem ulmaš | om jotke ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jotket ulmaš | ot jotke ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jotkea ulmaš | ok/ogeš jotke ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jotkena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jotke ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jotkeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jotke ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jotkeat ulmaš | ogə̑t jotke ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkenam ə̑l'e | jotken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jotkenat ə̑l'e | jotken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jotken ə̑l'e | jotken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jotkenna ə̑l'e | jotken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jotkenda ə̑l'e | jotken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jotken ə̑l'e | jotken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkenam ulmaš | jotken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jotkenat ulmaš | jotken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jotken ulmaš | jotken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jotkenna ulmaš | jotken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jotkenda ulmaš | jotken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jotken ulmaš | jotken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jotke | it jotke |
| 3SG: | jotkeže | ə̑nže jotke |
| 1PL: | (jotkena) | (ona/ogə̑na jotke) |
| 2PL: | jotkeza | ida jotke |
| 3PL: | jotkešt | ə̑nə̑št jotke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkenem | ə̑nem jotke |
| 2SG: | jotkenet | ə̑net jotke |
| 3SG: | jotkeneže | ə̑než jotke |
| 1PL: | jotkenena | ə̑nena jotke |
| 2PL: | jotkeneda | ə̑neda jotke |
| 3PL: | jotkenešt | ə̑nešt jotke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jotkenem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jotke ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jotkenena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jotke ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jotkeneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jotke ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jotkenena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jotke ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jotkeneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jotke ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jotkenešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jotke ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jotkenet ulmaš | ə̑net jotke ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jotkeneže ulmaš | ə̑než jotke ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jotkeneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jotke ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jotkenešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jotke ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jotkeaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jotkeman |
| Active participle: | jotkeše |
| Passive participle: | jotkeme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jotkešaš |
| Negative participle: | jotkedə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jotken |
| Negative gerund: | jotkede |
| Gerund of prior action: | jotkemek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jotkemeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jotkešə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jotkemaš |
| Negative nominalization: | jotkedə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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