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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karem | om kar |
| 2SG: | karet | ot kar |
| 3SG: | kara | ok/ogeš kar |
| 1PL: | karena | ona/ogə̑na kar |
| 2PL: | kareda | oda/ogə̑da kar |
| 3PL: | karat | ogə̑t kar |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kar |
| 2SG: | karə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kar |
| 3SG: | karə̑š | ə̑š kar |
| 1PL: | karə̑šna | ə̑šna kar |
| 2PL: | karə̑šda | ə̑šda kar |
| 3PL: | karə̑št | ə̑št kar |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karenam | karen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | karenat | karen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | karen | karen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | karenna | karen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | karenda | karen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | karenə̑t | karen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karem ə̑l'e | om kar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | karet ə̑l'e | ot kar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kara ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | karena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kareda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | karat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kar ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karem ulmaš | om kar ulmaš |
| 2SG: | karet ulmaš | ot kar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kara ulmaš | ok/ogeš kar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | karena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kar ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kareda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | karat ulmaš | ogə̑t kar ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karenam ə̑l'e | karen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | karenat ə̑l'e | karen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | karen ə̑l'e | karen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | karenna ə̑l'e | karen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | karenda ə̑l'e | karen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | karen ə̑l'e | karen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karenam ulmaš | karen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | karenat ulmaš | karen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | karen ulmaš | karen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | karenna ulmaš | karen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | karenda ulmaš | karen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | karen ulmaš | karen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kar | it kar |
| 3SG: | karže | ə̑nže kar |
| 1PL: | (karena) | (ona/ogə̑na kar) |
| 2PL: | karza | ida kar |
| 3PL: | karə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kar |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karnem | ə̑nem kar |
| 2SG: | karnet | ə̑net kar |
| 3SG: | karneže | ə̑než kar |
| 1PL: | karnena | ə̑nena kar |
| 2PL: | karneda | ə̑neda kar |
| 3PL: | karnešt | ə̑nešt kar |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | karnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | karnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | karneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | karnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | karneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | karnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kar ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karnet ulmaš | ə̑net kar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | karneže ulmaš | ə̑než kar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | karneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | karnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kar ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | karaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | karman |
| Active participle: | karše |
| Passive participle: | karme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | karšaš |
| Negative participle: | kardə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | karen |
| Negative gerund: | karde |
| Gerund of prior action: | karmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | karmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | karšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | karmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kardə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||