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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenem | om kesten |
| 2SG: | kestenet | ot kesten |
| 3SG: | kestena | ok/ogeš kesten |
| 1PL: | kestenena | ona/ogə̑na kesten |
| 2PL: | kesteneda | oda/ogə̑da kesten |
| 3PL: | kestenat | ogə̑t kesten |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kesten |
| 2SG: | kestenə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kesten |
| 3SG: | kestenə̑š | ə̑š kesten |
| 1PL: | kestenə̑šna | ə̑šna kesten |
| 2PL: | kestenə̑šda | ə̑šda kesten |
| 3PL: | kestenə̑št | ə̑št kesten |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenenam | kestenen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kestenenat | kestenen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kestenen | kestenen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kestenenna | kestenen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kestenenda | kestenen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kestenenə̑t | kestenen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenem ə̑l'e | om kesten ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kestenet ə̑l'e | ot kesten ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kestena ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kesten ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kestenena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kesten ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kesteneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kesten ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kestenat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kesten ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenem ulmaš | om kesten ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kestenet ulmaš | ot kesten ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kestena ulmaš | ok/ogeš kesten ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kestenena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kesten ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kesteneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kesten ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kestenat ulmaš | ogə̑t kesten ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenenam ə̑l'e | kestenen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kestenenat ə̑l'e | kestenen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kestenen ə̑l'e | kestenen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kestenenna ə̑l'e | kestenen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kestenenda ə̑l'e | kestenen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kestenen ə̑l'e | kestenen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestenenam ulmaš | kestenen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kestenenat ulmaš | kestenen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kestenen ulmaš | kestenen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kestenenna ulmaš | kestenen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kestenenda ulmaš | kestenen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kestenen ulmaš | kestenen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kesten | it kesten |
| 3SG: | kestenže | ə̑nže kesten |
| 1PL: | (kestenena) | (ona/ogə̑na kesten) |
| 2PL: | kestenza | ida kesten |
| 3PL: | kestenə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kesten |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestennem | ə̑nem kesten |
| 2SG: | kestennet | ə̑net kesten |
| 3SG: | kestenneže | ə̑než kesten |
| 1PL: | kestennena | ə̑nena kesten |
| 2PL: | kestenneda | ə̑neda kesten |
| 3PL: | kestennešt | ə̑nešt kesten |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kestennem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kesten ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kestennena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kesten ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kestenneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kesten ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kestennena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kesten ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kestenneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kesten ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kestennešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kesten ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kestennet ulmaš | ə̑net kesten ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kestenneže ulmaš | ə̑než kesten ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kestenneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kesten ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kestennešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kesten ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kestenaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kestenman |
| Active participle: | kestenše |
| Passive participle: | kestenme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kestenšaš |
| Negative participle: | kestendə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kestenen |
| Negative gerund: | kestende |
| Gerund of prior action: | kestenmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kestenmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kestenšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kestenmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kestendə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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