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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšem | om kidβakš |
| 2SG: | kidβakšet | ot kidβakš |
| 3SG: | kidβakša | ok/ogeš kidβakš |
| 1PL: | kidβakšena | ona/ogə̑na kidβakš |
| 2PL: | kidβakšeda | oda/ogə̑da kidβakš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšat | ogə̑t kidβakš |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kidβakš |
| 2SG: | kidβakšə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kidβakš |
| 3SG: | kidβakšə̑š | ə̑š kidβakš |
| 1PL: | kidβakšə̑šna | ə̑šna kidβakš |
| 2PL: | kidβakšə̑šda | ə̑šda kidβakš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšə̑št | ə̑št kidβakš |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšenam | kidβakšen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kidβakšenat | kidβakšen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kidβakšen | kidβakšen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kidβakšenna | kidβakšen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kidβakšenda | kidβakšen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kidβakšenə̑t | kidβakšen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšem ə̑l'e | om kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kidβakšet ə̑l'e | ot kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kidβakša ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kidβakšena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kidβakšeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kidβakšat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kidβakš ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšem ulmaš | om kidβakš ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kidβakšet ulmaš | ot kidβakš ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kidβakša ulmaš | ok/ogeš kidβakš ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kidβakšena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kidβakš ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kidβakšeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kidβakš ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšat ulmaš | ogə̑t kidβakš ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšenam ə̑l'e | kidβakšen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kidβakšenat ə̑l'e | kidβakšen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kidβakšen ə̑l'e | kidβakšen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kidβakšenna ə̑l'e | kidβakšen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kidβakšenda ə̑l'e | kidβakšen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kidβakšen ə̑l'e | kidβakšen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšenam ulmaš | kidβakšen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kidβakšenat ulmaš | kidβakšen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kidβakšen ulmaš | kidβakšen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kidβakšenna ulmaš | kidβakšen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kidβakšenda ulmaš | kidβakšen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšen ulmaš | kidβakšen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kidβakš | it kidβakš |
| 3SG: | kidβakšše | ə̑nže kidβakš |
| 1PL: | (kidβakšena) | (ona/ogə̑na kidβakš) |
| 2PL: | kidβakšsa | ida kidβakš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kidβakš |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšnem | ə̑nem kidβakš |
| 2SG: | kidβakšnet | ə̑net kidβakš |
| 3SG: | kidβakšneže | ə̑než kidβakš |
| 1PL: | kidβakšnena | ə̑nena kidβakš |
| 2PL: | kidβakšneda | ə̑neda kidβakš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšnešt | ə̑nešt kidβakš |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakšnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kidβakšnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kidβakšneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kidβakšnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kidβakšneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kidβakš ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kidβakšnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kidβakš ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kidβakšnet ulmaš | ə̑net kidβakš ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kidβakšneže ulmaš | ə̑než kidβakš ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kidβakšneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kidβakš ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kidβakšnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kidβakš ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kidβakšaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kidβakšman |
| Active participle: | kidβakšše |
| Passive participle: | kidβakšme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kidβakššaš |
| Negative participle: | kidβakšdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kidβakšen |
| Negative gerund: | kidβakšde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kidβakšmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kidβakšmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kidβakššə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kidβakšmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kidβakšdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||