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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃem | om kidβakʃ |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃet | ot kidβakʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃa | ok/ogeʃ kidβakʃ |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃena | ona/ogəna kidβakʃ |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃeda | oda/ogəda kidβakʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃat | ogət kidβakʃ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃəʃəm | ʃəm kidβakʃ |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ kidβakʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃəʃ | əʃ kidβakʃ |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃəʃna | əʃna kidβakʃ |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃəʃda | əʃda kidβakʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃəʃt | əʃt kidβakʃ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃenam | kidβakʃen oməl |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃenat | kidβakʃen otəl |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃen | kidβakʃen ogəl |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃenːa | kidβakʃen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃenda | kidβakʃen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃenət | kidβakʃen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃem əʎe | om kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃet əʎe | ot kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃena əʎe | ona/ogəna kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃeda əʎe | oda/ogəda kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃat əʎe | ogət kidβakʃ əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃem ulmaʃ | om kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃet ulmaʃ | ot kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃat ulmaʃ | ogət kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃenam əʎe | kidβakʃen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃenat əʎe | kidβakʃen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃen əʎe | kidβakʃen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃenːa əʎe | kidβakʃen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃenda əʎe | kidβakʃen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃen əʎe | kidβakʃen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃenam ulmaʃ | kidβakʃen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃenat ulmaʃ | kidβakʃen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃen ulmaʃ | kidβakʃen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃenːa ulmaʃ | kidβakʃen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃenda ulmaʃ | kidβakʃen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃen ulmaʃ | kidβakʃen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃ | it kidβakʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃːe | ənʒe kidβakʃ |
| 1PL: | (kidβakʃena) | (ona/ogəna kidβakʃ) |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃsa | ida kidβakʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃəʃt | ənəʃt kidβakʃ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃnem | ənem kidβakʃ |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃnet | ənet kidβakʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃneʒe | əneʒ kidβakʃ |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃnena | ənena kidβakʃ |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃneda | əneda kidβakʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃneʃt | əneʃt kidβakʃ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kidβakʃnem əʎe | ənem kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃnena əʎe | ənet kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃneʒe əʎe | əneʒ kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 1PL: | kidβakʃnena əʎe | ənena kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃneda əʎe | əneda kidβakʃ əʎe |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃneʃt əʎe | əneʃt kidβakʃ əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kidβakʃnet ulmaʃ | ənet kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kidβakʃneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kidβakʃneda ulmaʃ | əneda kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kidβakʃneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt kidβakʃ ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kidβakʃaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kidβakʃman |
| Active participle: | kidβakʃːe |
| Passive participle: | kidβakʃme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kidβakʃːaʃ |
| Negative participle: | kidβakʃdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kidβakʃen |
| Negative gerund: | kidβakʃde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kidβakʃmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kidβakʃmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kidβakʃːəla |
| Nominalization: | kidβakʃmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | kidβakʃdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||