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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | koʃtaltəʃ |
Genitive: | koʃtaltəʃən |
Dative: | koʃtaltəʃlan |
Accusative: | koʃtaltəʃəm |
Comparative: | koʃtaltəʃla |
Comitative: | koʃtaltəʃge |
Inessive: | koʃtaltəʃte, koʃtaltəʃəʃte |
Illative: | koʃtaltəʃke, koʃtaltəʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | koʃtaltəʃeʃ |
1SG: | koʃtaltəʃem |
2SG: | koʃtaltəʃet |
3SG: | koʃtaltəʃːe, koʃtaltəʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | koʃtaltəʃna |
2PL: | koʃtaltəʃda |
3PL: | koʃtaltəʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | koʃtaltəʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | koʃtaltəʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | koʃtaltəʃla |
Sociative Plural: | koʃtaltəʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | koʃtaltəʃem | koʃtaltəʃ-βlak | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakem, koʃtaltəʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | koʃtaltəʃemən | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakən | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakemən, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | koʃtaltəʃemlan, koʃtaltəʃlanem | koʃtaltəʃ-βlaklan | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakemlan, koʃtaltəʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | koʃtaltəʃeməm | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakəm | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakeməm, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | koʃtaltəʃemla, koʃtaltəʃlam | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakla | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakemla, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | koʃtaltəʃemge | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakge | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakemge, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | koʃtaltəʃtem, koʃtaltəʃəʃtem | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakəʃte | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakəʃtem, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | koʃtaltəʃkem, koʃtaltəʃəʃkem | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakəʃkem, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | koʃtaltəʃeʃem | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakeʃ | koʃtaltəʃ-βlakeʃem, koʃtaltəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |