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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'ajem | om kopt'a€ |
| 2SG: | kopt'ajet | ot kopt'a€ |
| 3SG: | kopt'aa | ok/ogeš kopt'a€ |
| 1PL: | kopt'ajena | ona/ogə̑na kopt'a€ |
| 2PL: | kopt'ajeda | oda/ogə̑da kopt'a€ |
| 3PL: | kopt'aat | ogə̑t kopt'a€ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'a€šə̑m | šə̑m kopt'a€ |
| 2SG: | kopt'a€šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kopt'a€ |
| 3SG: | kopt'a€š | ə̑š kopt'a€ |
| 1PL: | kopt'ašna | ə̑šna kopt'a€ |
| 2PL: | kopt'ašda | ə̑šda kopt'a€ |
| 3PL: | kopt'a€št | ə̑št kopt'a€ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'ajenam | kopt'ajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kopt'ajenat | kopt'ajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kopt'ajen | kopt'ajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kopt'ajenna | kopt'ajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kopt'ajenda | kopt'ajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kopt'ajenə̑t | kopt'ajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'ajem ə̑l'e | om kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopt'ajet ə̑l'e | ot kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopt'aa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopt'ajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopt'ajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopt'aat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'ajem ulmaš | om kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kopt'ajet ulmaš | ot kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopt'aa ulmaš | ok/ogeš kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kopt'ajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kopt'ajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopt'aat ulmaš | ogə̑t kopt'a€ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'ajenam ə̑l'e | kopt'ajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopt'ajenat ə̑l'e | kopt'ajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopt'ajen ə̑l'e | kopt'ajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopt'ajenna ə̑l'e | kopt'ajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopt'ajenda ə̑l'e | kopt'ajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopt'ajen ə̑l'e | kopt'ajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'ajenam ulmaš | kopt'ajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kopt'ajenat ulmaš | kopt'ajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopt'ajen ulmaš | kopt'ajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kopt'ajenna ulmaš | kopt'ajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kopt'ajenda ulmaš | kopt'ajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopt'ajen ulmaš | kopt'ajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kopt'a€ | it kopt'a€ |
| 3SG: | kopt'a€že | ə̑nže kopt'a€ |
| 1PL: | (kopt'ajena) | (ona/ogə̑na kopt'a€) |
| 2PL: | kopt'a€za | ida kopt'a€ |
| 3PL: | kopt'a€št | ə̑nə̑št kopt'a€ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'anem | ə̑nem kopt'a€ |
| 2SG: | kopt'anet | ə̑net kopt'a€ |
| 3SG: | kopt'aneže | ə̑než kopt'a€ |
| 1PL: | kopt'anena | ə̑nena kopt'a€ |
| 2PL: | kopt'aneda | ə̑neda kopt'a€ |
| 3PL: | kopt'anešt | ə̑nešt kopt'a€ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopt'anem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopt'anena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopt'aneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopt'anena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopt'aneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopt'anešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kopt'a€ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kopt'anet ulmaš | ə̑net kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopt'aneže ulmaš | ə̑než kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kopt'aneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kopt'a€ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopt'anešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kopt'a€ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kopt'aaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kopt'aman |
| Active participle: | kopt'a€še |
| Passive participle: | kopt'a€me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kopt'ašaš |
| Negative participle: | kopt'a€də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kopt'ajen |
| Negative gerund: | kopt'ade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kopt'amek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kopt'ameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kopt'ašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kopt'amaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kopt'adə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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