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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanem | om kut͡ɕaltman |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanet | ot kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmana | ok/ogeʃ kut͡ɕaltman |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanena | ona/ogəna kut͡ɕaltman |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmaneda | oda/ogəda kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanat | ogət kut͡ɕaltman |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃəm | ʃəm kut͡ɕaltman |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃ | əʃ kut͡ɕaltman |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃna | əʃna kut͡ɕaltman |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃda | əʃda kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃt | əʃt kut͡ɕaltman |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanenam | kut͡ɕaltmanen oməl |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanenat | kut͡ɕaltmanen otəl |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanen | kut͡ɕaltmanen ogəl |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenːa | kut͡ɕaltmanen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenda | kut͡ɕaltmanen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenət | kut͡ɕaltmanen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanem əʎe | om kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanet əʎe | ot kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmana əʎe | ok/ogeʃ kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanena əʎe | ona/ogəna kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmaneda əʎe | oda/ogəda kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanat əʎe | ogət kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanem ulmaʃ | om kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanet ulmaʃ | ot kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmana ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmaneda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanat ulmaʃ | ogət kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanenam əʎe | kut͡ɕaltmanen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanenat əʎe | kut͡ɕaltmanen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanen əʎe | kut͡ɕaltmanen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenːa əʎe | kut͡ɕaltmanen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenda əʎe | kut͡ɕaltmanen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanen əʎe | kut͡ɕaltmanen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanenam ulmaʃ | kut͡ɕaltmanen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanenat ulmaʃ | kut͡ɕaltmanen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanen ulmaʃ | kut͡ɕaltmanen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenːa ulmaʃ | kut͡ɕaltmanen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanenda ulmaʃ | kut͡ɕaltmanen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanen ulmaʃ | kut͡ɕaltmanen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltman | it kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanʒe | ənʒe kut͡ɕaltman |
| 1PL: | (kut͡ɕaltmanena) | (ona/ogəna kut͡ɕaltman) |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanza | ida kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanəʃt | ənəʃt kut͡ɕaltman |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːem | ənem kut͡ɕaltman |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːet | ənet kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeʒe | əneʒ kut͡ɕaltman |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːena | ənena kut͡ɕaltman |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeda | əneda kut͡ɕaltman |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeʃt | əneʃt kut͡ɕaltman |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːem əʎe | ənem kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːena əʎe | ənet kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeʒe əʎe | əneʒ kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 1PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːena əʎe | ənena kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeda əʎe | əneda kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeʃt əʎe | əneʃt kut͡ɕaltman əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːet ulmaʃ | ənet kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeda ulmaʃ | əneda kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kut͡ɕaltmanːeʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt kut͡ɕaltman ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kut͡ɕaltmanaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kut͡ɕaltmanman |
| Active participle: | kut͡ɕaltmanʃe |
| Passive participle: | kut͡ɕaltmanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kut͡ɕaltmanʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | kut͡ɕaltmandəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kut͡ɕaltmanen |
| Negative gerund: | kut͡ɕaltmande |
| Gerund of prior action: | kut͡ɕaltmanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kut͡ɕaltmanmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kut͡ɕaltmanʃəla |
| Nominalization: | kut͡ɕaltmanmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | kut͡ɕaltmandəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||