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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋgam | om kuepleŋga |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋgat | ot kuepleŋga |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋga | ok/ogeš kuepleŋga |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋgana | ona/ogə̑na kuepleŋga |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋgada | oda/ogə̑da kuepleŋga |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgat | ogə̑t kuepleŋga |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋgašə̑m | šə̑m kuepleŋga |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋgašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuepleŋga |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋgaš | ə̑š kuepleŋga |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋgašna | ə̑šna kuepleŋga |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋgašda | ə̑šda kuepleŋga |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgašt | ə̑št kuepleŋga |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋganam | kuepleŋgan omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋganat | kuepleŋgan otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋgan | kuepleŋgan ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋganna | kuepleŋgan onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋganda | kuepleŋgan odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋganə̑t | kuepleŋgan ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋgam ə̑l'e | om kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋgat ə̑l'e | ot kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋgana ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋgada ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋgam ulmaš | om kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋgat ulmaš | ot kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋga ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋgana ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋgada ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgat ulmaš | ogə̑t kuepleŋga ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋganam ə̑l'e | kuepleŋgan omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋganat ə̑l'e | kuepleŋgan otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋgan ə̑l'e | kuepleŋgan ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋganna ə̑l'e | kuepleŋgan onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋganda ə̑l'e | kuepleŋgan odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgan ə̑l'e | kuepleŋgan ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋganam ulmaš | kuepleŋgan omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋganat ulmaš | kuepleŋgan otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋgan ulmaš | kuepleŋgan ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋganna ulmaš | kuepleŋgan onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋganda ulmaš | kuepleŋgan odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgan ulmaš | kuepleŋgan ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋga | it kuepleŋga |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋgaže | ə̑nže kuepleŋga |
| 1PL: | (kuepleŋgana) | (ona/ogə̑na kuepleŋga) |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋgaza | ida kuepleŋga |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋgašt | ə̑nə̑št kuepleŋga |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋganem | ə̑nem kuepleŋga |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋganet | ə̑net kuepleŋga |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋganeže | ə̑než kuepleŋga |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋganena | ə̑nena kuepleŋga |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋganeda | ə̑neda kuepleŋga |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋganešt | ə̑nešt kuepleŋga |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuepleŋganem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋganena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋganeže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuepleŋganena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋganeda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋganešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuepleŋga ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuepleŋganet ulmaš | ə̑net kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuepleŋganeže ulmaš | ə̑než kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuepleŋganeda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuepleŋga ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuepleŋganešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuepleŋga ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuepleŋgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuepleŋgaman |
| Active participle: | kuepleŋgaše |
| Passive participle: | kuepleŋgame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuepleŋgašaš |
| Negative participle: | kuepleŋgadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuepleŋgan |
| Negative gerund: | kuepleŋgade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuepleŋgamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuepleŋgameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuepleŋgašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuepleŋgamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuepleŋgadə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||