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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltam | om kə̑lta |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltat | ot kə̑lta |
| 3SG: | kə̑lta | ok/ogeš kə̑lta |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltana | ona/ogə̑na kə̑lta |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltada | oda/ogə̑da kə̑lta |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltat | ogə̑t kə̑lta |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltašə̑m | šə̑m kə̑lta |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑lta |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltaš | ə̑š kə̑lta |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltašna | ə̑šna kə̑lta |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltašda | ə̑šda kə̑lta |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltašt | ə̑št kə̑lta |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltanam | kə̑ltan omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltanat | kə̑ltan otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltan | kə̑ltan ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltanna | kə̑ltan onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltanda | kə̑ltan odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltanə̑t | kə̑ltan ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltam ə̑l'e | om kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltat ə̑l'e | ot kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑lta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltana ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltada ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltam ulmaš | om kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltat ulmaš | ot kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑lta ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltana ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltada ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltat ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑lta ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltanam ə̑l'e | kə̑ltan omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltanat ə̑l'e | kə̑ltan otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltan ə̑l'e | kə̑ltan ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltanna ə̑l'e | kə̑ltan onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltanda ə̑l'e | kə̑ltan odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltan ə̑l'e | kə̑ltan ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltanam ulmaš | kə̑ltan omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltanat ulmaš | kə̑ltan otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltan ulmaš | kə̑ltan ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltanna ulmaš | kə̑ltan onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltanda ulmaš | kə̑ltan odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltan ulmaš | kə̑ltan ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑lta | it kə̑lta |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltaže | ə̑nže kə̑lta |
| 1PL: | (kə̑ltana) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑lta) |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltaza | ida kə̑lta |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltašt | ə̑nə̑št kə̑lta |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltanem | ə̑nem kə̑lta |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltanet | ə̑net kə̑lta |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltaneže | ə̑než kə̑lta |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltanena | ə̑nena kə̑lta |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltaneda | ə̑neda kə̑lta |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltanešt | ə̑nešt kə̑lta |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑ltanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑ltanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑lta ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑ltanet ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑ltaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑ltaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑lta ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑ltanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑lta ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑ltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑ltaman |
| Active participle: | kə̑ltaše |
| Passive participle: | kə̑ltame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑ltašaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑ltadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑ltan |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑ltade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑ltamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑ltameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑ltašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑ltamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑ltadə̑maš |
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| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||