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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃem | om nyʒʃø |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃet | ot nyʒʃø |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃa | ok/ogeʃ nyʒʃø |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃena | ona/ogəna nyʒʃø |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃeda | oda/ogəda nyʒʃø |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃat | ogət nyʒʃø |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃəʃəm | ʃəm nyʒʃø |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ nyʒʃø |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃəʃ | əʃ nyʒʃø |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃəʃna | əʃna nyʒʃø |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃəʃda | əʃda nyʒʃø |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃəʃt | əʃt nyʒʃø |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃenam | nyʒʃen oməl |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃenat | nyʒʃen otəl |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃen | nyʒʃen ogəl |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃenːa | nyʒʃen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃenda | nyʒʃen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃenət | nyʒʃen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃem əʎe | om nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃet əʎe | ot nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃena əʎe | ona/ogəna nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃeda əʎe | oda/ogəda nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃat əʎe | ogət nyʒʃø əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃem ulmaʃ | om nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃet ulmaʃ | ot nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃat ulmaʃ | ogət nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃenam əʎe | nyʒʃen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃenat əʎe | nyʒʃen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃen əʎe | nyʒʃen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃenːa əʎe | nyʒʃen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃenda əʎe | nyʒʃen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃen əʎe | nyʒʃen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃenam ulmaʃ | nyʒʃen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃenat ulmaʃ | nyʒʃen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃen ulmaʃ | nyʒʃen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃenːa ulmaʃ | nyʒʃen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃenda ulmaʃ | nyʒʃen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃen ulmaʃ | nyʒʃen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃø | it nyʒʃø |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃəʒø | ənʒe nyʒʃø |
| 1PL: | (nyʒʃena) | (ona/ogəna nyʒʃø) |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃəza | ida nyʒʃø |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃəʃt | ənəʃt nyʒʃø |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃənem | ənem nyʒʃø |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃənet | ənet nyʒʃø |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃəneʒe | əneʒ nyʒʃø |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃənena | ənena nyʒʃø |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃəneda | əneda nyʒʃø |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃəneʃt | əneʃt nyʒʃø |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nyʒʃənem əʎe | ənem nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃənena əʎe | ənet nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 1PL: | nyʒʃənena əʎe | ənena nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃəneda əʎe | əneda nyʒʃø əʎe |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt nyʒʃø əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nyʒʃənet ulmaʃ | ənet nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | nyʒʃəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | nyʒʃəneda ulmaʃ | əneda nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | nyʒʃəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt nyʒʃø ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | nyʒʃaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | nyʒʃəman |
| Active participle: | nyʒʃəʃø |
| Passive participle: | nyʒʃəmø |
| Future-necessitive participle: | nyʒʃəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | nyʒʃədəmø |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | nyʒʃen |
| Negative gerund: | nyʒʃəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | nyʒʃəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | nyʒʃəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | nyʒʃəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | nyʒʃəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | nyʒʃədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||