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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕam | om okalt͡ɕa |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕat | ot okalt͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕa | ok/ogeʃ okalt͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕana | ona/ogəna okalt͡ɕa |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕada | oda/ogəda okalt͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕat | ogət okalt͡ɕa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕaʃəm | ʃəm okalt͡ɕa |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ okalt͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕaʃ | əʃ okalt͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕaʃna | əʃna okalt͡ɕa |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕaʃda | əʃda okalt͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕaʃt | əʃt okalt͡ɕa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕanam | okalt͡ɕan oməl |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕanat | okalt͡ɕan otəl |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕan | okalt͡ɕan ogəl |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕanːa | okalt͡ɕan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕanda | okalt͡ɕan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕanət | okalt͡ɕan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕam əʎe | om okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕat əʎe | ot okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕana əʎe | ona/ogəna okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕada əʎe | oda/ogəda okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕat əʎe | ogət okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕam ulmaʃ | om okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ot okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ogət okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕanam əʎe | okalt͡ɕan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕanat əʎe | okalt͡ɕan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕan əʎe | okalt͡ɕan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕanːa əʎe | okalt͡ɕan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕanda əʎe | okalt͡ɕan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕan əʎe | okalt͡ɕan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕanam ulmaʃ | okalt͡ɕan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕanat ulmaʃ | okalt͡ɕan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕan ulmaʃ | okalt͡ɕan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕanːa ulmaʃ | okalt͡ɕan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕanda ulmaʃ | okalt͡ɕan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕan ulmaʃ | okalt͡ɕan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕa | it okalt͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕaʒe | ənʒe okalt͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | (okalt͡ɕana) | (ona/ogəna okalt͡ɕa) |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕaza | ida okalt͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕaʃt | ənəʃt okalt͡ɕa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕanem | ənem okalt͡ɕa |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕanet | ənet okalt͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕaneʒe | əneʒ okalt͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕanena | ənena okalt͡ɕa |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕaneda | əneda okalt͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕaneʃt | əneʃt okalt͡ɕa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | okalt͡ɕanem əʎe | ənem okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕanena əʎe | ənet okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 1PL: | okalt͡ɕanena əʎe | ənena okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕaneda əʎe | əneda okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt okalt͡ɕa əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | okalt͡ɕanet ulmaʃ | ənet okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | okalt͡ɕaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | okalt͡ɕaneda ulmaʃ | əneda okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | okalt͡ɕaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt okalt͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | okalt͡ɕaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | okalt͡ɕaman |
| Active participle: | okalt͡ɕaʃe |
| Passive participle: | okalt͡ɕame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | okalt͡ɕaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | okalt͡ɕadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | okalt͡ɕan |
| Negative gerund: | okalt͡ɕade |
| Gerund of prior action: | okalt͡ɕamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | okalt͡ɕameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | okalt͡ɕaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | okalt͡ɕamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | okalt͡ɕadəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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