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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skajem | om ońə̑ska |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skajet | ot ońə̑ska |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaa | ok/ogeš ońə̑ska |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skajena | ona/ogə̑na ońə̑ska |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skajeda | oda/ogə̑da ońə̑ska |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skaat | ogə̑t ońə̑ska |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skašə̑m | šə̑m ońə̑ska |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ońə̑ska |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaš | ə̑š ońə̑ska |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skašna | ə̑šna ońə̑ska |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skašda | ə̑šda ońə̑ska |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skašt | ə̑št ońə̑ska |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skajenam | ońə̑skajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skajenat | ońə̑skajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skajen | ońə̑skajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skajenna | ońə̑skajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skajenda | ońə̑skajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skajenə̑t | ońə̑skajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skajem ə̑l'e | om ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skajet ə̑l'e | ot ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skaat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skajem ulmaš | om ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skajet ulmaš | ot ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaa ulmaš | ok/ogeš ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skaat ulmaš | ogə̑t ońə̑ska ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skajenam ə̑l'e | ońə̑skajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skajenat ə̑l'e | ońə̑skajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skajen ə̑l'e | ońə̑skajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skajenna ə̑l'e | ońə̑skajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skajenda ə̑l'e | ońə̑skajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skajen ə̑l'e | ońə̑skajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skajenam ulmaš | ońə̑skajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skajenat ulmaš | ońə̑skajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skajen ulmaš | ońə̑skajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skajenna ulmaš | ońə̑skajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skajenda ulmaš | ońə̑skajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skajen ulmaš | ońə̑skajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ońə̑ska | it ońə̑ska |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaže | ə̑nže ońə̑ska |
| 1PL: | (ońə̑skajena) | (ona/ogə̑na ońə̑ska) |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skaza | ida ońə̑ska |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skašt | ə̑nə̑št ońə̑ska |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skanem | ə̑nem ońə̑ska |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skanet | ə̑net ońə̑ska |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaneže | ə̑než ońə̑ska |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skanena | ə̑nena ońə̑ska |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skaneda | ə̑neda ońə̑ska |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skanešt | ə̑nešt ońə̑ska |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ońə̑skanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ońə̑skanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ońə̑ska ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ońə̑skanet ulmaš | ə̑net ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ońə̑skaneže ulmaš | ə̑než ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ońə̑skaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ońə̑ska ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ońə̑skanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ońə̑ska ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ońə̑skaaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ońə̑skaman |
| Active participle: | ońə̑skaše |
| Passive participle: | ońə̑skame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ońə̑skašaš |
| Negative participle: | ońə̑skadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ońə̑skajen |
| Negative gerund: | ońə̑skade |
| Gerund of prior action: | ońə̑skamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ońə̑skameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ońə̑skašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ońə̑skamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ońə̑skadə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||