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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajem | om oraj |
| 2SG: | orajet | ot oraj |
| 3SG: | oraja | ok/ogeš oraj |
| 1PL: | orajena | ona/ogə̑na oraj |
| 2PL: | orajeda | oda/ogə̑da oraj |
| 3PL: | orajat | ogə̑t oraj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajə̑šə̑m | šə̑m oraj |
| 2SG: | orajə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ oraj |
| 3SG: | orajə̑š | ə̑š oraj |
| 1PL: | orajə̑šna | ə̑šna oraj |
| 2PL: | orajə̑šda | ə̑šda oraj |
| 3PL: | orajə̑št | ə̑št oraj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajenam | orajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | orajenat | orajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | orajen | orajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | orajenna | orajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | orajenda | orajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | orajenə̑t | orajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajem ə̑l'e | om oraj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | orajet ə̑l'e | ot oraj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | oraja ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš oraj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | orajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na oraj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | orajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da oraj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | orajat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t oraj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajem ulmaš | om oraj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | orajet ulmaš | ot oraj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | oraja ulmaš | ok/ogeš oraj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | orajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na oraj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | orajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da oraj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | orajat ulmaš | ogə̑t oraj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajenam ə̑l'e | orajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | orajenat ə̑l'e | orajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | orajen ə̑l'e | orajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | orajenna ə̑l'e | orajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | orajenda ə̑l'e | orajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | orajen ə̑l'e | orajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajenam ulmaš | orajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | orajenat ulmaš | orajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | orajen ulmaš | orajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | orajenna ulmaš | orajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | orajenda ulmaš | orajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | orajen ulmaš | orajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | oraj | it oraj |
| 3SG: | orajže | ə̑nže oraj |
| 1PL: | (orajena) | (ona/ogə̑na oraj) |
| 2PL: | orajza | ida oraj |
| 3PL: | orajə̑št | ə̑nə̑št oraj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajnem | ə̑nem oraj |
| 2SG: | orajnet | ə̑net oraj |
| 3SG: | orajneže | ə̑než oraj |
| 1PL: | orajnena | ə̑nena oraj |
| 2PL: | orajneda | ə̑neda oraj |
| 3PL: | orajnešt | ə̑nešt oraj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | orajnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem oraj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | orajnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net oraj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | orajneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než oraj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | orajnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena oraj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | orajneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda oraj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | orajnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt oraj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | orajnet ulmaš | ə̑net oraj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | orajneže ulmaš | ə̑než oraj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | orajneda ulmaš | ə̑neda oraj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | orajnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt oraj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | orajaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | orajman |
| Active participle: | orajše |
| Passive participle: | orajme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | orajšaš |
| Negative participle: | orajdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | orajen |
| Negative gerund: | orajde |
| Gerund of prior action: | orajmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | orajmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | orajšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | orajmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | orajdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||