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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβam | om oŋgaβa |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβat | ot oŋgaβa |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβa | ok/ogeʃ oŋgaβa |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβana | ona/ogəna oŋgaβa |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβada | oda/ogəda oŋgaβa |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβat | ogət oŋgaβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβaʃəm | ʃəm oŋgaβa |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ oŋgaβa |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβaʃ | əʃ oŋgaβa |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβaʃna | əʃna oŋgaβa |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβaʃda | əʃda oŋgaβa |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβaʃt | əʃt oŋgaβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβanam | oŋgaβan oməl |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβanat | oŋgaβan otəl |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβan | oŋgaβan ogəl |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβanːa | oŋgaβan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβanda | oŋgaβan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβanət | oŋgaβan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβam əʎe | om oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβat əʎe | ot oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβana əʎe | ona/ogəna oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβada əʎe | oda/ogəda oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβat əʎe | ogət oŋgaβa əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβam ulmaʃ | om oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβat ulmaʃ | ot oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβat ulmaʃ | ogət oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβanam əʎe | oŋgaβan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβanat əʎe | oŋgaβan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβan əʎe | oŋgaβan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβanːa əʎe | oŋgaβan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβanda əʎe | oŋgaβan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβan əʎe | oŋgaβan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβanam ulmaʃ | oŋgaβan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβanat ulmaʃ | oŋgaβan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβan ulmaʃ | oŋgaβan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβanːa ulmaʃ | oŋgaβan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβanda ulmaʃ | oŋgaβan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβan ulmaʃ | oŋgaβan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβa | it oŋgaβa |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβaʒe | ənʒe oŋgaβa |
| 1PL: | (oŋgaβana) | (ona/ogəna oŋgaβa) |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβaza | ida oŋgaβa |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβaʃt | ənəʃt oŋgaβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβanem | ənem oŋgaβa |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβanet | ənet oŋgaβa |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβaneʒe | əneʒ oŋgaβa |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβanena | ənena oŋgaβa |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβaneda | əneda oŋgaβa |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβaneʃt | əneʃt oŋgaβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋgaβanem əʎe | ənem oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβanena əʎe | ənet oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 1PL: | oŋgaβanena əʎe | ənena oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβaneda əʎe | əneda oŋgaβa əʎe |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt oŋgaβa əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | oŋgaβanet ulmaʃ | ənet oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | oŋgaβaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | oŋgaβaneda ulmaʃ | əneda oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | oŋgaβaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt oŋgaβa ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | oŋgaβaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | oŋgaβaman |
| Active participle: | oŋgaβaʃe |
| Passive participle: | oŋgaβame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | oŋgaβaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | oŋgaβadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | oŋgaβan |
| Negative gerund: | oŋgaβade |
| Gerund of prior action: | oŋgaβamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | oŋgaβameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | oŋgaβaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | oŋgaβamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | oŋgaβadəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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