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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβajem | om oŋjolβa |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβajet | ot oŋjolβa |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaa | ok/ogeš oŋjolβa |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβajena | ona/ogə̑na oŋjolβa |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβajeda | oda/ogə̑da oŋjolβa |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβaat | ogə̑t oŋjolβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβašə̑m | šə̑m oŋjolβa |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ oŋjolβa |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaš | ə̑š oŋjolβa |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβašna | ə̑šna oŋjolβa |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβašda | ə̑šda oŋjolβa |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβašt | ə̑št oŋjolβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβajenam | oŋjolβajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβajenat | oŋjolβajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβajen | oŋjolβajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβajenna | oŋjolβajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβajenda | oŋjolβajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβajenə̑t | oŋjolβajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβajem ə̑l'e | om oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβajet ə̑l'e | ot oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβaat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβajem ulmaš | om oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβajet ulmaš | ot oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaa ulmaš | ok/ogeš oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβaat ulmaš | ogə̑t oŋjolβa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβajenam ə̑l'e | oŋjolβajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβajenat ə̑l'e | oŋjolβajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβajen ə̑l'e | oŋjolβajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβajenna ə̑l'e | oŋjolβajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβajenda ə̑l'e | oŋjolβajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβajen ə̑l'e | oŋjolβajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβajenam ulmaš | oŋjolβajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβajenat ulmaš | oŋjolβajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβajen ulmaš | oŋjolβajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβajenna ulmaš | oŋjolβajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβajenda ulmaš | oŋjolβajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβajen ulmaš | oŋjolβajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβa | it oŋjolβa |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaže | ə̑nže oŋjolβa |
| 1PL: | (oŋjolβajena) | (ona/ogə̑na oŋjolβa) |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβaza | ida oŋjolβa |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβašt | ə̑nə̑št oŋjolβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβanem | ə̑nem oŋjolβa |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβanet | ə̑net oŋjolβa |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaneže | ə̑než oŋjolβa |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβanena | ə̑nena oŋjolβa |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβaneda | ə̑neda oŋjolβa |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβanešt | ə̑nešt oŋjolβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oŋjolβanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | oŋjolβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt oŋjolβa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | oŋjolβanet ulmaš | ə̑net oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | oŋjolβaneže ulmaš | ə̑než oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | oŋjolβaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda oŋjolβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | oŋjolβanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt oŋjolβa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | oŋjolβaaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | oŋjolβaman |
| Active participle: | oŋjolβaše |
| Passive participle: | oŋjolβame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | oŋjolβašaš |
| Negative participle: | oŋjolβadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | oŋjolβajen |
| Negative gerund: | oŋjolβade |
| Gerund of prior action: | oŋjolβamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | oŋjolβameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | oŋjolβašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | oŋjolβamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | oŋjolβadə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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