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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papam | om papa |
| 2SG: | papat | ot papa |
| 3SG: | papa | ok/ogeš papa |
| 1PL: | papana | ona/ogə̑na papa |
| 2PL: | papada | oda/ogə̑da papa |
| 3PL: | papat | ogə̑t papa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papašə̑m | šə̑m papa |
| 2SG: | papašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ papa |
| 3SG: | papaš | ə̑š papa |
| 1PL: | papašna | ə̑šna papa |
| 2PL: | papašda | ə̑šda papa |
| 3PL: | papašt | ə̑št papa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papanam | papan omə̑l |
| 2SG: | papanat | papan otə̑l |
| 3SG: | papan | papan ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | papanna | papan onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | papanda | papan odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | papanə̑t | papan ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papam ə̑l'e | om papa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | papat ə̑l'e | ot papa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | papa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš papa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | papana ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na papa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | papada ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da papa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | papat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t papa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papam ulmaš | om papa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | papat ulmaš | ot papa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | papa ulmaš | ok/ogeš papa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | papana ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na papa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | papada ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da papa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | papat ulmaš | ogə̑t papa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papanam ə̑l'e | papan omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | papanat ə̑l'e | papan otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | papan ə̑l'e | papan ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | papanna ə̑l'e | papan onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | papanda ə̑l'e | papan odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | papan ə̑l'e | papan ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papanam ulmaš | papan omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | papanat ulmaš | papan otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | papan ulmaš | papan ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | papanna ulmaš | papan onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | papanda ulmaš | papan odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | papan ulmaš | papan ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | papa | it papa |
| 3SG: | papaže | ə̑nže papa |
| 1PL: | (papana) | (ona/ogə̑na papa) |
| 2PL: | papaza | ida papa |
| 3PL: | papašt | ə̑nə̑št papa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papanem | ə̑nem papa |
| 2SG: | papanet | ə̑net papa |
| 3SG: | papaneže | ə̑než papa |
| 1PL: | papanena | ə̑nena papa |
| 2PL: | papaneda | ə̑neda papa |
| 3PL: | papanešt | ə̑nešt papa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem papa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | papanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net papa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | papaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než papa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | papanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena papa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | papaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda papa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | papanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt papa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | papanet ulmaš | ə̑net papa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | papaneže ulmaš | ə̑než papa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | papaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda papa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | papanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt papa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | papaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | papaman |
| Active participle: | papaše |
| Passive participle: | papame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | papašaš |
| Negative participle: | papadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | papan |
| Negative gerund: | papade |
| Gerund of prior action: | papamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | papameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | papašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | papamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | papadə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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