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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltem | om pet͡ɕkalte |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltet | ot pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkalta | ok/ogeʃ pet͡ɕkalte |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltena | ona/ogəna pet͡ɕkalte |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkalteda | oda/ogəda pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltat | ogət pet͡ɕkalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃəm | ʃəm pet͡ɕkalte |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃ | əʃ pet͡ɕkalte |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃna | əʃna pet͡ɕkalte |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃda | əʃda pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃt | əʃt pet͡ɕkalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltenam | pet͡ɕkalten oməl |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltenat | pet͡ɕkalten otəl |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkalten | pet͡ɕkalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenːa | pet͡ɕkalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenda | pet͡ɕkalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenət | pet͡ɕkalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltem əʎe | om pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltet əʎe | ot pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltat əʎe | ogət pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltem ulmaʃ | om pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltet ulmaʃ | ot pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltat ulmaʃ | ogət pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltenam əʎe | pet͡ɕkalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltenat əʎe | pet͡ɕkalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkalten əʎe | pet͡ɕkalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenːa əʎe | pet͡ɕkalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenda əʎe | pet͡ɕkalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkalten əʎe | pet͡ɕkalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltenam ulmaʃ | pet͡ɕkalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltenat ulmaʃ | pet͡ɕkalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkalten ulmaʃ | pet͡ɕkalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenːa ulmaʃ | pet͡ɕkalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltenda ulmaʃ | pet͡ɕkalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkalten ulmaʃ | pet͡ɕkalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkalte | it pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəʒe | ənʒe pet͡ɕkalte |
| 1PL: | (pet͡ɕkaltena) | (ona/ogəna pet͡ɕkalte) |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəza | ida pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃt | ənəʃt pet͡ɕkalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltənem | ənem pet͡ɕkalte |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltənet | ənet pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəneʒe | əneʒ pet͡ɕkalte |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltənena | ənena pet͡ɕkalte |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəneda | əneda pet͡ɕkalte |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəneʃt | əneʃt pet͡ɕkalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pet͡ɕkaltənem əʎe | ənem pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltənena əʎe | ənet pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | pet͡ɕkaltənena əʎe | ənena pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəneda əʎe | əneda pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt pet͡ɕkalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pet͡ɕkaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pet͡ɕkaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pet͡ɕkaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt pet͡ɕkalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | pet͡ɕkaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | pet͡ɕkaltəman |
| Active participle: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | pet͡ɕkaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | pet͡ɕkaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | pet͡ɕkalten |
| Negative gerund: | pet͡ɕkaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | pet͡ɕkaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | pet͡ɕkaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | pet͡ɕkaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | pet͡ɕkaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | pet͡ɕkaltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||