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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikem | om poltinnik |
| 2SG: | poltinniket | ot poltinnik |
| 3SG: | poltinnika | ok/ogeš poltinnik |
| 1PL: | poltinnikena | ona/ogə̑na poltinnik |
| 2PL: | poltinnikeda | oda/ogə̑da poltinnik |
| 3PL: | poltinnikat | ogə̑t poltinnik |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikə̑šə̑m | šə̑m poltinnik |
| 2SG: | poltinnikə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ poltinnik |
| 3SG: | poltinnikə̑š | ə̑š poltinnik |
| 1PL: | poltinnikə̑šna | ə̑šna poltinnik |
| 2PL: | poltinnikə̑šda | ə̑šda poltinnik |
| 3PL: | poltinnikə̑št | ə̑št poltinnik |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikenam | poltinniken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | poltinnikenat | poltinniken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | poltinniken | poltinniken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | poltinnikenna | poltinniken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | poltinnikenda | poltinniken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | poltinnikenə̑t | poltinniken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikem ə̑l'e | om poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | poltinniket ə̑l'e | ot poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | poltinnika ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | poltinnikena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | poltinnikeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | poltinnikat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t poltinnik ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikem ulmaš | om poltinnik ulmaš |
| 2SG: | poltinniket ulmaš | ot poltinnik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | poltinnika ulmaš | ok/ogeš poltinnik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | poltinnikena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na poltinnik ulmaš |
| 2PL: | poltinnikeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da poltinnik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | poltinnikat ulmaš | ogə̑t poltinnik ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikenam ə̑l'e | poltinniken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | poltinnikenat ə̑l'e | poltinniken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | poltinniken ə̑l'e | poltinniken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | poltinnikenna ə̑l'e | poltinniken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | poltinnikenda ə̑l'e | poltinniken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | poltinniken ə̑l'e | poltinniken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinnikenam ulmaš | poltinniken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | poltinnikenat ulmaš | poltinniken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | poltinniken ulmaš | poltinniken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | poltinnikenna ulmaš | poltinniken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | poltinnikenda ulmaš | poltinniken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | poltinniken ulmaš | poltinniken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | poltinnik | it poltinnik |
| 3SG: | poltinnikše | ə̑nže poltinnik |
| 1PL: | (poltinnikena) | (ona/ogə̑na poltinnik) |
| 2PL: | poltinniksa | ida poltinnik |
| 3PL: | poltinnikə̑št | ə̑nə̑št poltinnik |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinniknem | ə̑nem poltinnik |
| 2SG: | poltinniknet | ə̑net poltinnik |
| 3SG: | poltinnikneže | ə̑než poltinnik |
| 1PL: | poltinniknena | ə̑nena poltinnik |
| 2PL: | poltinnikneda | ə̑neda poltinnik |
| 3PL: | poltinniknešt | ə̑nešt poltinnik |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poltinniknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | poltinniknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | poltinnikneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | poltinniknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | poltinnikneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda poltinnik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | poltinniknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt poltinnik ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | poltinniknet ulmaš | ə̑net poltinnik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | poltinnikneže ulmaš | ə̑než poltinnik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | poltinnikneda ulmaš | ə̑neda poltinnik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | poltinniknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt poltinnik ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | poltinnikaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | poltinnikman |
| Active participle: | poltinnikše |
| Passive participle: | poltinnikme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | poltinnikšaš |
| Negative participle: | poltinnikdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | poltinniken |
| Negative gerund: | poltinnikde |
| Gerund of prior action: | poltinnikmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | poltinnikmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | poltinnikšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | poltinnikmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | poltinnikdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||