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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikem | om ponč́ik |
| 2SG: | ponč́iket | ot ponč́ik |
| 3SG: | ponč́ika | ok/ogeš ponč́ik |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikena | ona/ogə̑na ponč́ik |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikeda | oda/ogə̑da ponč́ik |
| 3PL: | ponč́ikat | ogə̑t ponč́ik |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikə̑šə̑m | šə̑m ponč́ik |
| 2SG: | ponč́ikə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ponč́ik |
| 3SG: | ponč́ikə̑š | ə̑š ponč́ik |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikə̑šna | ə̑šna ponč́ik |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikə̑šda | ə̑šda ponč́ik |
| 3PL: | ponč́ikə̑št | ə̑št ponč́ik |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikenam | ponč́iken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ponč́ikenat | ponč́iken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ponč́iken | ponč́iken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikenna | ponč́iken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikenda | ponč́iken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ponč́ikenə̑t | ponč́iken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikem ə̑l'e | om ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ponč́iket ə̑l'e | ot ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ponč́ika ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ponč́ikat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikem ulmaš | om ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ponč́iket ulmaš | ot ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ponč́ika ulmaš | ok/ogeš ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ponč́ikat ulmaš | ogə̑t ponč́ik ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikenam ə̑l'e | ponč́iken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ponč́ikenat ə̑l'e | ponč́iken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ponč́iken ə̑l'e | ponč́iken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikenna ə̑l'e | ponč́iken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikenda ə̑l'e | ponč́iken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ponč́iken ə̑l'e | ponč́iken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́ikenam ulmaš | ponč́iken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ponč́ikenat ulmaš | ponč́iken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ponč́iken ulmaš | ponč́iken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ponč́ikenna ulmaš | ponč́iken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikenda ulmaš | ponč́iken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ponč́iken ulmaš | ponč́iken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ponč́ik | it ponč́ik |
| 3SG: | ponč́ikše | ə̑nže ponč́ik |
| 1PL: | (ponč́ikena) | (ona/ogə̑na ponč́ik) |
| 2PL: | ponč́iksa | ida ponč́ik |
| 3PL: | ponč́ikə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ponč́ik |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́iknem | ə̑nem ponč́ik |
| 2SG: | ponč́iknet | ə̑net ponč́ik |
| 3SG: | ponč́ikneže | ə̑než ponč́ik |
| 1PL: | ponč́iknena | ə̑nena ponč́ik |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikneda | ə̑neda ponč́ik |
| 3PL: | ponč́iknešt | ə̑nešt ponč́ik |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ponč́iknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ponč́iknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ponč́ikneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ponč́iknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ponč́iknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ponč́ik ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ponč́iknet ulmaš | ə̑net ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ponč́ikneže ulmaš | ə̑než ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ponč́ikneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ponč́ik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ponč́iknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ponč́ik ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ponč́ikaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ponč́ikman |
| Active participle: | ponč́ikše |
| Passive participle: | ponč́ikme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ponč́ikšaš |
| Negative participle: | ponč́ikdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ponč́iken |
| Negative gerund: | ponč́ikde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ponč́ikmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ponč́ikmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ponč́ikšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ponč́ikmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ponč́ikdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||