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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalem | om poro-osal |
| 2SG: | poro-osalet | ot poro-osal |
| 3SG: | poro-osala | ok/ogeš poro-osal |
| 1PL: | poro-osalena | ona/ogə̑na poro-osal |
| 2PL: | poro-osaleda | oda/ogə̑da poro-osal |
| 3PL: | poro-osalat | ogə̑t poro-osal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalə̑šə̑m | šə̑m poro-osal |
| 2SG: | poro-osalə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ poro-osal |
| 3SG: | poro-osalə̑š | ə̑š poro-osal |
| 1PL: | poro-osalə̑šna | ə̑šna poro-osal |
| 2PL: | poro-osalə̑šda | ə̑šda poro-osal |
| 3PL: | poro-osalə̑št | ə̑št poro-osal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalenam | poro-osalen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | poro-osalenat | poro-osalen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | poro-osalen | poro-osalen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | poro-osalenna | poro-osalen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | poro-osalenda | poro-osalen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | poro-osalenə̑t | poro-osalen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalem ə̑l'e | om poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | poro-osalet ə̑l'e | ot poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | poro-osala ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | poro-osalena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | poro-osaleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | poro-osalat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t poro-osal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalem ulmaš | om poro-osal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | poro-osalet ulmaš | ot poro-osal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | poro-osala ulmaš | ok/ogeš poro-osal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | poro-osalena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na poro-osal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | poro-osaleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da poro-osal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | poro-osalat ulmaš | ogə̑t poro-osal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalenam ə̑l'e | poro-osalen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | poro-osalenat ə̑l'e | poro-osalen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | poro-osalen ə̑l'e | poro-osalen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | poro-osalenna ə̑l'e | poro-osalen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | poro-osalenda ə̑l'e | poro-osalen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | poro-osalen ə̑l'e | poro-osalen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalenam ulmaš | poro-osalen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | poro-osalenat ulmaš | poro-osalen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | poro-osalen ulmaš | poro-osalen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | poro-osalenna ulmaš | poro-osalen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | poro-osalenda ulmaš | poro-osalen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | poro-osalen ulmaš | poro-osalen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | poro-osal | it poro-osal |
| 3SG: | poro-osalže | ə̑nže poro-osal |
| 1PL: | (poro-osalena) | (ona/ogə̑na poro-osal) |
| 2PL: | poro-osalza | ida poro-osal |
| 3PL: | poro-osalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št poro-osal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalnem | ə̑nem poro-osal |
| 2SG: | poro-osalnet | ə̑net poro-osal |
| 3SG: | poro-osalneže | ə̑než poro-osal |
| 1PL: | poro-osalnena | ə̑nena poro-osal |
| 2PL: | poro-osalneda | ə̑neda poro-osal |
| 3PL: | poro-osalnešt | ə̑nešt poro-osal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | poro-osalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | poro-osalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | poro-osalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | poro-osalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | poro-osalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda poro-osal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | poro-osalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt poro-osal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | poro-osalnet ulmaš | ə̑net poro-osal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | poro-osalneže ulmaš | ə̑než poro-osal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | poro-osalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda poro-osal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | poro-osalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt poro-osal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | poro-osalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | poro-osalman |
| Active participle: | poro-osalše |
| Passive participle: | poro-osalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | poro-osalšaš |
| Negative participle: | poro-osaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | poro-osalen |
| Negative gerund: | poro-osalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | poro-osalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | poro-osalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | poro-osalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | poro-osalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | poro-osaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||