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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lem | om putüŋšə̑l |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑let | ot putüŋšə̑l |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑la | ok/ogeš putüŋšə̑l |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lena | ona/ogə̑na putüŋšə̑l |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑leda | oda/ogə̑da putüŋšə̑l |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lat | ogə̑t putüŋšə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lə̑šə̑m | šə̑m putüŋšə̑l |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ putüŋšə̑l |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑lə̑š | ə̑š putüŋšə̑l |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lə̑šna | ə̑šna putüŋšə̑l |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lə̑šda | ə̑šda putüŋšə̑l |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lə̑št | ə̑št putüŋšə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lenam | putüŋšə̑len omə̑l |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lenat | putüŋšə̑len otə̑l |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑len | putüŋšə̑len ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lenna | putüŋšə̑len onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lenda | putüŋšə̑len odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lenə̑t | putüŋšə̑len ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lem ə̑l'e | om putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑let ə̑l'e | ot putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑la ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑leda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lem ulmaš | om putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑let ulmaš | ot putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑la ulmaš | ok/ogeš putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑leda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lat ulmaš | ogə̑t putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lenam ə̑l'e | putüŋšə̑len omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lenat ə̑l'e | putüŋšə̑len otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑len ə̑l'e | putüŋšə̑len ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lenna ə̑l'e | putüŋšə̑len onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lenda ə̑l'e | putüŋšə̑len odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑len ə̑l'e | putüŋšə̑len ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lenam ulmaš | putüŋšə̑len omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lenat ulmaš | putüŋšə̑len otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑len ulmaš | putüŋšə̑len ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lenna ulmaš | putüŋšə̑len onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lenda ulmaš | putüŋšə̑len odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑len ulmaš | putüŋšə̑len ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑l | it putüŋšə̑l |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑lžö | ə̑nže putüŋšə̑l |
| 1PL: | (putüŋšə̑lena) | (ona/ogə̑na putüŋšə̑l) |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lza | ida putüŋšə̑l |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lə̑št | ə̑nə̑št putüŋšə̑l |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lnem | ə̑nem putüŋšə̑l |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lnet | ə̑net putüŋšə̑l |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑lneže | ə̑než putüŋšə̑l |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lnena | ə̑nena putüŋšə̑l |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lneda | ə̑neda putüŋšə̑l |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lnešt | ə̑nešt putüŋšə̑l |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | putüŋšə̑lnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑lneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | putüŋšə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt putüŋšə̑l ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | putüŋšə̑lnet ulmaš | ə̑net putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | putüŋšə̑lneže ulmaš | ə̑než putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | putüŋšə̑lneda ulmaš | ə̑neda putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | putüŋšə̑lnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt putüŋšə̑l ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | putüŋšə̑laš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | putüŋšə̑lman |
| Active participle: | putüŋšə̑lšö |
| Passive participle: | putüŋšə̑lmö |
| Future-necessitive participle: | putüŋšə̑lšaš |
| Negative participle: | putüŋšə̑ldə̑mö |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | putüŋšə̑len |
| Negative gerund: | putüŋšə̑lde |
| Gerund of prior action: | putüŋšə̑lmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | putüŋšə̑lmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | putüŋšə̑lšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | putüŋšə̑lmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | putüŋšə̑ldə̑maš |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||