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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudajem | om ruda |
| 2SG: | rudajet | ot ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaː | ok/ogeʃ ruda |
| 1PL: | rudajena | ona/ogəna ruda |
| 2PL: | rudajeda | oda/ogəda ruda |
| 3PL: | rudaːt | ogət ruda |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudaʃəm | ʃəm ruda |
| 2SG: | rudaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaʃ | əʃ ruda |
| 1PL: | rudaʃna | əʃna ruda |
| 2PL: | rudaʃda | əʃda ruda |
| 3PL: | rudaʃt | əʃt ruda |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudajenam | rudajen oməl |
| 2SG: | rudajenat | rudajen otəl |
| 3SG: | rudajen | rudajen ogəl |
| 1PL: | rudajenːa | rudajen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | rudajenda | rudajen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | rudajenət | rudajen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudajem əʎe | om ruda əʎe |
| 2SG: | rudajet əʎe | ot ruda əʎe |
| 3SG: | rudaː əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ruda əʎe |
| 1PL: | rudajena əʎe | ona/ogəna ruda əʎe |
| 2PL: | rudajeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ruda əʎe |
| 3PL: | rudaːt əʎe | ogət ruda əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudajem ulmaʃ | om ruda ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | rudajet ulmaʃ | ot ruda ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | rudaː ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ruda ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | rudajena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ruda ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | rudajeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ruda ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | rudaːt ulmaʃ | ogət ruda ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudajenam əʎe | rudajen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | rudajenat əʎe | rudajen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | rudajen əʎe | rudajen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | rudajenːa əʎe | rudajen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | rudajenda əʎe | rudajen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | rudajen əʎe | rudajen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudajenam ulmaʃ | rudajen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | rudajenat ulmaʃ | rudajen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | rudajen ulmaʃ | rudajen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | rudajenːa ulmaʃ | rudajen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | rudajenda ulmaʃ | rudajen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | rudajen ulmaʃ | rudajen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ruda | it ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaʒe | ənʒe ruda |
| 1PL: | (rudajena) | (ona/ogəna ruda) |
| 2PL: | rudaza | ida ruda |
| 3PL: | rudaʃt | ənəʃt ruda |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudanem | ənem ruda |
| 2SG: | rudanet | ənet ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaneʒe | əneʒ ruda |
| 1PL: | rudanena | ənena ruda |
| 2PL: | rudaneda | əneda ruda |
| 3PL: | rudaneʃt | əneʃt ruda |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rudanem əʎe | ənem ruda əʎe |
| 2SG: | rudanena əʎe | ənet ruda əʎe |
| 3SG: | rudaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ruda əʎe |
| 1PL: | rudanena əʎe | ənena ruda əʎe |
| 2PL: | rudaneda əʎe | əneda ruda əʎe |
| 3PL: | rudaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ruda əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | rudanet ulmaʃ | ənet ruda ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | rudaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ruda ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | rudaneda ulmaʃ | əneda ruda ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | rudaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ruda ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | rudaːʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | rudaman |
| Active participle: | rudaʃe |
| Passive participle: | rudame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | rudaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | rudadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | rudajen |
| Negative gerund: | rudade |
| Gerund of prior action: | rudamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | rudameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | rudaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | rudamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | rudadəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||