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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃem | om saskaʃukʃ |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃet | ot saskaʃukʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃa | ok/ogeʃ saskaʃukʃ |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃena | ona/ogəna saskaʃukʃ |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃeda | oda/ogəda saskaʃukʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃat | ogət saskaʃukʃ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃəʃəm | ʃəm saskaʃukʃ |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ saskaʃukʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃəʃ | əʃ saskaʃukʃ |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃəʃna | əʃna saskaʃukʃ |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃəʃda | əʃda saskaʃukʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃəʃt | əʃt saskaʃukʃ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃenam | saskaʃukʃen oməl |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃenat | saskaʃukʃen otəl |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃen | saskaʃukʃen ogəl |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃenːa | saskaʃukʃen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃenda | saskaʃukʃen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃenət | saskaʃukʃen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃem əʎe | om saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃet əʎe | ot saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃena əʎe | ona/ogəna saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃeda əʎe | oda/ogəda saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃat əʎe | ogət saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃem ulmaʃ | om saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃet ulmaʃ | ot saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃat ulmaʃ | ogət saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃenam əʎe | saskaʃukʃen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃenat əʎe | saskaʃukʃen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃen əʎe | saskaʃukʃen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃenːa əʎe | saskaʃukʃen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃenda əʎe | saskaʃukʃen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃen əʎe | saskaʃukʃen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃenam ulmaʃ | saskaʃukʃen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃenat ulmaʃ | saskaʃukʃen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃen ulmaʃ | saskaʃukʃen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃenːa ulmaʃ | saskaʃukʃen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃenda ulmaʃ | saskaʃukʃen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃen ulmaʃ | saskaʃukʃen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃ | it saskaʃukʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃːo | ənʒe saskaʃukʃ |
| 1PL: | (saskaʃukʃena) | (ona/ogəna saskaʃukʃ) |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃsa | ida saskaʃukʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃəʃt | ənəʃt saskaʃukʃ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃnem | ənem saskaʃukʃ |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃnet | ənet saskaʃukʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃneʒe | əneʒ saskaʃukʃ |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃnena | ənena saskaʃukʃ |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃneda | əneda saskaʃukʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃneʃt | əneʃt saskaʃukʃ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saskaʃukʃnem əʎe | ənem saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃnena əʎe | ənet saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃneʒe əʎe | əneʒ saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 1PL: | saskaʃukʃnena əʎe | ənena saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃneda əʎe | əneda saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃneʃt əʎe | əneʃt saskaʃukʃ əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saskaʃukʃnet ulmaʃ | ənet saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | saskaʃukʃneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saskaʃukʃneda ulmaʃ | əneda saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | saskaʃukʃneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt saskaʃukʃ ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saskaʃukʃaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saskaʃukʃman |
| Active participle: | saskaʃukʃːo |
| Passive participle: | saskaʃukʃmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saskaʃukʃːaʃ |
| Negative participle: | saskaʃukʃdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saskaʃukʃen |
| Negative gerund: | saskaʃukʃde |
| Gerund of prior action: | saskaʃukʃmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saskaʃukʃmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saskaʃukʃːəla |
| Nominalization: | saskaʃukʃmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | saskaʃukʃdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||