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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtem | om spirt |
| 2SG: | spirtet | ot spirt |
| 3SG: | spirta | ok/ogeʃ spirt |
| 1PL: | spirtena | ona/ogəna spirt |
| 2PL: | spirteda | oda/ogəda spirt |
| 3PL: | spirtat | ogət spirt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtəʃəm | ʃəm spirt |
| 2SG: | spirtəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ spirt |
| 3SG: | spirtəʃ | əʃ spirt |
| 1PL: | spirtəʃna | əʃna spirt |
| 2PL: | spirtəʃda | əʃda spirt |
| 3PL: | spirtəʃt | əʃt spirt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtenam | spirten oməl |
| 2SG: | spirtenat | spirten otəl |
| 3SG: | spirten | spirten ogəl |
| 1PL: | spirtenːa | spirten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | spirtenda | spirten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | spirtenət | spirten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtem əʎe | om spirt əʎe |
| 2SG: | spirtet əʎe | ot spirt əʎe |
| 3SG: | spirta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ spirt əʎe |
| 1PL: | spirtena əʎe | ona/ogəna spirt əʎe |
| 2PL: | spirteda əʎe | oda/ogəda spirt əʎe |
| 3PL: | spirtat əʎe | ogət spirt əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtem ulmaʃ | om spirt ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | spirtet ulmaʃ | ot spirt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spirta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ spirt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | spirtena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna spirt ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | spirteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda spirt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spirtat ulmaʃ | ogət spirt ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtenam əʎe | spirten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | spirtenat əʎe | spirten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | spirten əʎe | spirten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | spirtenːa əʎe | spirten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | spirtenda əʎe | spirten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | spirten əʎe | spirten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtenam ulmaʃ | spirten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | spirtenat ulmaʃ | spirten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spirten ulmaʃ | spirten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | spirtenːa ulmaʃ | spirten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | spirtenda ulmaʃ | spirten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spirten ulmaʃ | spirten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spirt | it spirt |
| 3SG: | spirtʃe | ənʒe spirt |
| 1PL: | (spirtena) | (ona/ogəna spirt) |
| 2PL: | spirtsa | ida spirt |
| 3PL: | spirtəʃt | ənəʃt spirt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtnem | ənem spirt |
| 2SG: | spirtnet | ənet spirt |
| 3SG: | spirtneʒe | əneʒ spirt |
| 1PL: | spirtnena | ənena spirt |
| 2PL: | spirtneda | əneda spirt |
| 3PL: | spirtneʃt | əneʃt spirt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spirtnem əʎe | ənem spirt əʎe |
| 2SG: | spirtnena əʎe | ənet spirt əʎe |
| 3SG: | spirtneʒe əʎe | əneʒ spirt əʎe |
| 1PL: | spirtnena əʎe | ənena spirt əʎe |
| 2PL: | spirtneda əʎe | əneda spirt əʎe |
| 3PL: | spirtneʃt əʎe | əneʃt spirt əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spirtnet ulmaʃ | ənet spirt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spirtneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ spirt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | spirtneda ulmaʃ | əneda spirt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spirtneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt spirt ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | spirtaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | spirtman |
| Active participle: | spirtʃe |
| Passive participle: | spirtme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | spirtʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | spirtdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | spirten |
| Negative gerund: | spirtde |
| Gerund of prior action: | spirtmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | spirtmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | spirtʃəla |
| Nominalization: | spirtmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | spirtdəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||