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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtem | om surt |
| 2SG: | surtet | ot surt |
| 3SG: | surta | ok/ogeʃ surt |
| 1PL: | surtena | ona/ogəna surt |
| 2PL: | surteda | oda/ogəda surt |
| 3PL: | surtat | ogət surt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtəʃəm | ʃəm surt |
| 2SG: | surtəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ surt |
| 3SG: | surtəʃ | əʃ surt |
| 1PL: | surtəʃna | əʃna surt |
| 2PL: | surtəʃda | əʃda surt |
| 3PL: | surtəʃt | əʃt surt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtenam | surten oməl |
| 2SG: | surtenat | surten otəl |
| 3SG: | surten | surten ogəl |
| 1PL: | surtenːa | surten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | surtenda | surten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | surtenət | surten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtem əʎe | om surt əʎe |
| 2SG: | surtet əʎe | ot surt əʎe |
| 3SG: | surta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ surt əʎe |
| 1PL: | surtena əʎe | ona/ogəna surt əʎe |
| 2PL: | surteda əʎe | oda/ogəda surt əʎe |
| 3PL: | surtat əʎe | ogət surt əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtem ulmaʃ | om surt ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | surtet ulmaʃ | ot surt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | surta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ surt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | surtena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna surt ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | surteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda surt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | surtat ulmaʃ | ogət surt ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtenam əʎe | surten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | surtenat əʎe | surten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | surten əʎe | surten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | surtenːa əʎe | surten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | surtenda əʎe | surten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | surten əʎe | surten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtenam ulmaʃ | surten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | surtenat ulmaʃ | surten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | surten ulmaʃ | surten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | surtenːa ulmaʃ | surten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | surtenda ulmaʃ | surten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | surten ulmaʃ | surten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surt | it surt |
| 3SG: | surtʃo | ənʒe surt |
| 1PL: | (surtena) | (ona/ogəna surt) |
| 2PL: | surtsa | ida surt |
| 3PL: | surtəʃt | ənəʃt surt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtnem | ənem surt |
| 2SG: | surtnet | ənet surt |
| 3SG: | surtneʒe | əneʒ surt |
| 1PL: | surtnena | ənena surt |
| 2PL: | surtneda | əneda surt |
| 3PL: | surtneʃt | əneʃt surt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtnem əʎe | ənem surt əʎe |
| 2SG: | surtnena əʎe | ənet surt əʎe |
| 3SG: | surtneʒe əʎe | əneʒ surt əʎe |
| 1PL: | surtnena əʎe | ənena surt əʎe |
| 2PL: | surtneda əʎe | əneda surt əʎe |
| 3PL: | surtneʃt əʎe | əneʃt surt əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surtnet ulmaʃ | ənet surt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | surtneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ surt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | surtneda ulmaʃ | əneda surt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | surtneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt surt ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | surtaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | surtman |
| Active participle: | surtʃo |
| Passive participle: | surtmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | surtʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | surtdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | surten |
| Negative gerund: | surtde |
| Gerund of prior action: | surtmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | surtmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | surtʃəla |
| Nominalization: | surtmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | surtdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||