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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβajem | om toβa |
| 2SG: | toβajet | ot toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaa | ok/ogeš toβa |
| 1PL: | toβajena | ona/ogə̑na toβa |
| 2PL: | toβajeda | oda/ogə̑da toβa |
| 3PL: | toβaat | ogə̑t toβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβašə̑m | šə̑m toβa |
| 2SG: | toβašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaš | ə̑š toβa |
| 1PL: | toβašna | ə̑šna toβa |
| 2PL: | toβašda | ə̑šda toβa |
| 3PL: | toβašt | ə̑št toβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβajenam | toβajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toβajenat | toβajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toβajen | toβajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toβajenna | toβajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toβajenda | toβajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toβajenə̑t | toβajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβajem ə̑l'e | om toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβajet ə̑l'e | ot toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβaat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toβa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβajem ulmaš | om toβa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toβajet ulmaš | ot toβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaa ulmaš | ok/ogeš toβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toβajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toβa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toβajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβaat ulmaš | ogə̑t toβa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβajenam ə̑l'e | toβajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβajenat ə̑l'e | toβajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβajen ə̑l'e | toβajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβajenna ə̑l'e | toβajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβajenda ə̑l'e | toβajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβajen ə̑l'e | toβajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβajenam ulmaš | toβajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toβajenat ulmaš | toβajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβajen ulmaš | toβajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toβajenna ulmaš | toβajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toβajenda ulmaš | toβajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβajen ulmaš | toβajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβa | it toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaže | ə̑nže toβa |
| 1PL: | (toβajena) | (ona/ogə̑na toβa) |
| 2PL: | toβaza | ida toβa |
| 3PL: | toβašt | ə̑nə̑št toβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβanem | ə̑nem toβa |
| 2SG: | toβanet | ə̑net toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaneže | ə̑než toβa |
| 1PL: | toβanena | ə̑nena toβa |
| 2PL: | toβaneda | ə̑neda toβa |
| 3PL: | toβanešt | ə̑nešt toβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toβa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβanet ulmaš | ə̑net toβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaneže ulmaš | ə̑než toβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toβaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda toβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toβa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toβaaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toβaman |
| Active participle: | toβaše |
| Passive participle: | toβame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toβašaš |
| Negative participle: | toβadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toβajen |
| Negative gerund: | toβade |
| Gerund of prior action: | toβamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toβameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toβašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toβamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toβadə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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