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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonem | om ton |
| 2SG: | tonet | ot ton |
| 3SG: | tona | ok/ogeš ton |
| 1PL: | tonena | ona/ogə̑na ton |
| 2PL: | toneda | oda/ogə̑da ton |
| 3PL: | tonat | ogə̑t ton |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonə̑šə̑m | šə̑m ton |
| 2SG: | tonə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ton |
| 3SG: | tonə̑š | ə̑š ton |
| 1PL: | tonə̑šna | ə̑šna ton |
| 2PL: | tonə̑šda | ə̑šda ton |
| 3PL: | tonə̑št | ə̑št ton |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonenam | tonen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tonenat | tonen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tonen | tonen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tonenna | tonen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tonenda | tonen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tonenə̑t | tonen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonem ə̑l'e | om ton ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tonet ə̑l'e | ot ton ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tona ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ton ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tonena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ton ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ton ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tonat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ton ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonem ulmaš | om ton ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tonet ulmaš | ot ton ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tona ulmaš | ok/ogeš ton ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tonena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ton ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ton ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tonat ulmaš | ogə̑t ton ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonenam ə̑l'e | tonen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tonenat ə̑l'e | tonen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tonen ə̑l'e | tonen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tonenna ə̑l'e | tonen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tonenda ə̑l'e | tonen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tonen ə̑l'e | tonen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonenam ulmaš | tonen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tonenat ulmaš | tonen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tonen ulmaš | tonen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tonenna ulmaš | tonen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tonenda ulmaš | tonen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tonen ulmaš | tonen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ton | it ton |
| 3SG: | tonžo | ə̑nže ton |
| 1PL: | (tonena) | (ona/ogə̑na ton) |
| 2PL: | tonza | ida ton |
| 3PL: | tonə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ton |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonnem | ə̑nem ton |
| 2SG: | tonnet | ə̑net ton |
| 3SG: | tonneže | ə̑než ton |
| 1PL: | tonnena | ə̑nena ton |
| 2PL: | tonneda | ə̑neda ton |
| 3PL: | tonnešt | ə̑nešt ton |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tonnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ton ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tonnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ton ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tonneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ton ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tonnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ton ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tonneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ton ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tonnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ton ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tonnet ulmaš | ə̑net ton ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tonneže ulmaš | ə̑než ton ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tonneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ton ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tonnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ton ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tonaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tonman |
| Active participle: | tonšo |
| Passive participle: | tonmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tonšaš |
| Negative participle: | tondə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tonen |
| Negative gerund: | tonde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tonmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tonmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tonšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tonmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tondə̑maš |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||