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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgijem | om torgi€ |
| 2SG: | torgijet | ot torgi€ |
| 3SG: | torgia | ok/ogeš torgi€ |
| 1PL: | torgijena | ona/ogə̑na torgi€ |
| 2PL: | torgijeda | oda/ogə̑da torgi€ |
| 3PL: | torgiat | ogə̑t torgi€ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgi€šə̑m | šə̑m torgi€ |
| 2SG: | torgi€šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ torgi€ |
| 3SG: | torgi€š | ə̑š torgi€ |
| 1PL: | torgišna | ə̑šna torgi€ |
| 2PL: | torgišda | ə̑šda torgi€ |
| 3PL: | torgi€št | ə̑št torgi€ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgijenam | torgijen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | torgijenat | torgijen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | torgijen | torgijen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | torgijenna | torgijen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | torgijenda | torgijen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | torgijenə̑t | torgijen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgijem ə̑l'e | om torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torgijet ə̑l'e | ot torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | torgia ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | torgijena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | torgijeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | torgiat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t torgi€ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgijem ulmaš | om torgi€ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | torgijet ulmaš | ot torgi€ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | torgia ulmaš | ok/ogeš torgi€ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | torgijena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na torgi€ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | torgijeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da torgi€ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | torgiat ulmaš | ogə̑t torgi€ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgijenam ə̑l'e | torgijen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torgijenat ə̑l'e | torgijen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | torgijen ə̑l'e | torgijen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | torgijenna ə̑l'e | torgijen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | torgijenda ə̑l'e | torgijen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | torgijen ə̑l'e | torgijen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgijenam ulmaš | torgijen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | torgijenat ulmaš | torgijen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | torgijen ulmaš | torgijen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | torgijenna ulmaš | torgijen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | torgijenda ulmaš | torgijen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | torgijen ulmaš | torgijen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | torgi€ | it torgi€ |
| 3SG: | torgi€že | ə̑nže torgi€ |
| 1PL: | (torgijena) | (ona/ogə̑na torgi€) |
| 2PL: | torgi€za | ida torgi€ |
| 3PL: | torgi€št | ə̑nə̑št torgi€ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torginem | ə̑nem torgi€ |
| 2SG: | torginet | ə̑net torgi€ |
| 3SG: | torgineže | ə̑než torgi€ |
| 1PL: | torginena | ə̑nena torgi€ |
| 2PL: | torgineda | ə̑neda torgi€ |
| 3PL: | torginešt | ə̑nešt torgi€ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torginem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torginena ə̑l'e | ə̑net torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | torgineže ə̑l'e | ə̑než torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | torginena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | torgineda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda torgi€ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | torginešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt torgi€ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | torginet ulmaš | ə̑net torgi€ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | torgineže ulmaš | ə̑než torgi€ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | torgineda ulmaš | ə̑neda torgi€ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | torginešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt torgi€ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | torgiaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | torgiman |
| Active participle: | torgi€še |
| Passive participle: | torgi€me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | torgišaš |
| Negative participle: | torgi€də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | torgijen |
| Negative gerund: | torgide |
| Gerund of prior action: | torgimek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | torgimeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | torgišə̑la |
| Nominalization: | torgimaš |
| Negative nominalization: | torgidə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||