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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerem | om toʃteŋer |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋeret | ot toʃteŋer |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋera | ok/ogeʃ toʃteŋer |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerena | ona/ogəna toʃteŋer |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋereda | oda/ogəda toʃteŋer |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerat | ogət toʃteŋer |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerəʃəm | ʃəm toʃteŋer |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋerəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ toʃteŋer |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋerəʃ | əʃ toʃteŋer |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerəʃna | əʃna toʃteŋer |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerəʃda | əʃda toʃteŋer |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerəʃt | əʃt toʃteŋer |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerenam | toʃteŋeren oməl |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋerenat | toʃteŋeren otəl |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋeren | toʃteŋeren ogəl |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerenːa | toʃteŋeren onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerenda | toʃteŋeren odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerenət | toʃteŋeren ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerem əʎe | om toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋeret əʎe | ot toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋera əʎe | ok/ogeʃ toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerena əʎe | ona/ogəna toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋereda əʎe | oda/ogəda toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerat əʎe | ogət toʃteŋer əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerem ulmaʃ | om toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋeret ulmaʃ | ot toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋera ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋereda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerat ulmaʃ | ogət toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerenam əʎe | toʃteŋeren oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋerenat əʎe | toʃteŋeren otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋeren əʎe | toʃteŋeren ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerenːa əʎe | toʃteŋeren onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerenda əʎe | toʃteŋeren odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋeren əʎe | toʃteŋeren ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋerenam ulmaʃ | toʃteŋeren oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋerenat ulmaʃ | toʃteŋeren otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋeren ulmaʃ | toʃteŋeren ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋerenːa ulmaʃ | toʃteŋeren onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerenda ulmaʃ | toʃteŋeren odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋeren ulmaʃ | toʃteŋeren ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋer | it toʃteŋer |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋerʒe | ənʒe toʃteŋer |
| 1PL: | (toʃteŋerena) | (ona/ogəna toʃteŋer) |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerza | ida toʃteŋer |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerəʃt | ənəʃt toʃteŋer |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋernem | ənem toʃteŋer |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋernet | ənet toʃteŋer |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋerneʒe | əneʒ toʃteŋer |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋernena | ənena toʃteŋer |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerneda | əneda toʃteŋer |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerneʃt | əneʃt toʃteŋer |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃteŋernem əʎe | ənem toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋernena əʎe | ənet toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋerneʒe əʎe | əneʒ toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 1PL: | toʃteŋernena əʎe | ənena toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerneda əʎe | əneda toʃteŋer əʎe |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerneʃt əʎe | əneʃt toʃteŋer əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toʃteŋernet ulmaʃ | ənet toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toʃteŋerneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toʃteŋerneda ulmaʃ | əneda toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toʃteŋerneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt toʃteŋer ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toʃteŋeraʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toʃteŋerman |
| Active participle: | toʃteŋerʃe |
| Passive participle: | toʃteŋerme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toʃteŋerʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | toʃteŋerdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toʃteŋeren |
| Negative gerund: | toʃteŋerde |
| Gerund of prior action: | toʃteŋermek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toʃteŋermeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toʃteŋerʃəla |
| Nominalization: | toʃteŋermaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | toʃteŋerdəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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