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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanem | om toŋgə̑lan |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanet | ot toŋgə̑lan |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lana | ok/ogeš toŋgə̑lan |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanena | ona/ogə̑na toŋgə̑lan |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑laneda | oda/ogə̑da toŋgə̑lan |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanat | ogə̑t toŋgə̑lan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanə̑šə̑m | šə̑m toŋgə̑lan |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toŋgə̑lan |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanə̑š | ə̑š toŋgə̑lan |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanə̑šna | ə̑šna toŋgə̑lan |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanə̑šda | ə̑šda toŋgə̑lan |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanə̑št | ə̑št toŋgə̑lan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanenam | toŋgə̑lanen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanenat | toŋgə̑lanen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanen | toŋgə̑lanen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanenna | toŋgə̑lanen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanenda | toŋgə̑lanen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanenə̑t | toŋgə̑lanen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanem ə̑l'e | om toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanet ə̑l'e | ot toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lana ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑laneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanem ulmaš | om toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanet ulmaš | ot toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lana ulmaš | ok/ogeš toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑laneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanat ulmaš | ogə̑t toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanenam ə̑l'e | toŋgə̑lanen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanenat ə̑l'e | toŋgə̑lanen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanen ə̑l'e | toŋgə̑lanen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanenna ə̑l'e | toŋgə̑lanen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanenda ə̑l'e | toŋgə̑lanen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanen ə̑l'e | toŋgə̑lanen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lanenam ulmaš | toŋgə̑lanen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lanenat ulmaš | toŋgə̑lanen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanen ulmaš | toŋgə̑lanen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lanenna ulmaš | toŋgə̑lanen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanenda ulmaš | toŋgə̑lanen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanen ulmaš | toŋgə̑lanen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lan | it toŋgə̑lan |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanže | ə̑nže toŋgə̑lan |
| 1PL: | (toŋgə̑lanena) | (ona/ogə̑na toŋgə̑lan) |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanza | ida toŋgə̑lan |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št toŋgə̑lan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lannem | ə̑nem toŋgə̑lan |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lannet | ə̑net toŋgə̑lan |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanneže | ə̑než toŋgə̑lan |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lannena | ə̑nena toŋgə̑lan |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanneda | ə̑neda toŋgə̑lan |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lannešt | ə̑nešt toŋgə̑lan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgə̑lannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toŋgə̑lannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toŋgə̑lan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toŋgə̑lannet ulmaš | ə̑net toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toŋgə̑lanneže ulmaš | ə̑než toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toŋgə̑lanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toŋgə̑lannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toŋgə̑lan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toŋgə̑lanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toŋgə̑lanman |
| Active participle: | toŋgə̑lanše |
| Passive participle: | toŋgə̑lanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toŋgə̑lanšaš |
| Negative participle: | toŋgə̑landə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toŋgə̑lanen |
| Negative gerund: | toŋgə̑lande |
| Gerund of prior action: | toŋgə̑lanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toŋgə̑lanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toŋgə̑lanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toŋgə̑lanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toŋgə̑landə̑maš |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||